A method for assessing the corrosion properties of automotive gasolines containing oxygenates and the effectiveness of corrosion inhibitors for these fuels similar to the method in ASTM D 665 is examined. Data on its use are reported.One of the basic performance properties of automotive gasoline is corrosiveness, i.e., the ability to corrode metals in contact with it. This property of gasolines and the products of their combustion is a function of the presence of sulfur compounds, primarily mercaptans, water-soluble acids and bases, dissolved water, and acidity [1].Corrosive processes are especially intensive on the gasoline phase boundary -so called "tank-bottom water," i.e., water separated from gasoline during settling when the weather conditions change. European standard EN-228-2000 ( §5.6.1) requires adding anticorrosion additives to gasoline if there is the danger of separation of water. In view of the variety of climatic conditions in Russia, it is almost impossible to avoid separation of water during storage of gasolines.Due to the wide use of oxygen-containing compounds as antiknocks in automotive gasolines, so-called oxygenates (low-molecular-weight alcohols, C 5 and higher esters, etc.), the problem of their corrosiveness has become especially pressing. This is indicated by the many publications on the increase in the corrosiveness of gasolines containing methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), the most widely used antiknock additive. Oxygen-containing compounds in gasolines tend not only toward relatively rapid oxidation with formation of aggressive low-molecular-weight acids (formic, acetic, etc.), but also toward initiation of oxidation of the unstable hydrocarbons contained in the gasoline. This increases the acidity of the gasoline and consequently increases its corrosiveness. As a result, gas holes can appear in tanks and toxic products, MTBE in particular, can enter ground waters which are a source of drinking water.According to data in the foreign press, MTBE causes approximately 20 different disorders in the human body. On this basis, the question of prohibiting its use in automotive gasolines has been raised in the USA.

The article provides an analysis of scientific and technical publications (articles and patents) on the components of multifunctional additives for gasoline, their chemistry and development companies. According to the detergent component, for the first time, based on the analysis of these documents, an integral assessment of the effectiveness of active substances on various elements of the fuel system is given. The article summarizes the current requirements for the content of detergent additives in gasoline of the leading manufacturers, provides standards and currently used methods for evaluating the effectiveness of detergent components. The issues of the market of multifunctional additives are considered by summarizing the marketing statements of the leading Russian and world oil companies, which allows us to draw conclusions about the principal component composition of additives used in commercial branded gasoline. The cost and quantitative assessment of the market of multifunctional additives and branded gasoline is given. The relevance of the topic and this review is high because it given the almost complete absence of gasoline with domestic multifunctional additives on the Russian market. The review will be useful both for specialists involved in the development and testing of multifunctional additives and branded gasoline, and for employees of oil companies (regional sales departments) responsible for promoting new branded fuels to the market.