Нейрегулин-1β является потенциальным биомаркером хронической сердечной недостаточности (ХСН), механизмы действия которого у больных ХСН до конца не изучены. В ранее выполненных исследованиях описаны кардиопротективные и противовоспалительные эффекты нейрегулина-1β. Цель. Определить концентрацию нейрегулина-1β у больных ХСН и изучить ассоциацию нейрегулина-1β с маркерами системного воспаления и миокардиального фиброза, а также с клиническим исходами. Материалы и методы. В наблюдательное проспективное исследование было включено 86 пациентов с ХСН: c сохраненной фракцией выброса (СНсФВ; n=47) и низкой фракцией выброса (СНнФВ; n=39). Группу здоровых добровольцев (ЗД) составили 40 человек. Всем участникам определялись уровни нейрегулина-1β, биомаркеров системного воспаления [высокочувствительный С-реактивный белок (вчСРБ), интерлейкин-6 (ИЛ-6), sVCAM-1, ST2] и фиброза (MMP-9, Галектин-3, ТГФ-β). Пациенты с ХСН наблюдались в течение 2 лет. Регистрировались сердечно-сосудистая смертность и госпитализации по поводу декомпенсации ХСН. Результаты. В группах СНсФВ, СНнФВ и ЗД медиана концентрации нейрегулина-1β составила 0,969 (0,348; 1,932) нг/мл, 0,63 (0,348; 1,932) нг/мл и 0,379 (0,195; 0,861) нг/мл соответственно. В группе СНсФВ уровень нейрегулина-1β был значимо выше по сравнению с группой ЗД (р=0,004) и не отличался от такового в группе СНнФВ. У больных ХСН концентрации всех исследуемых биомаркеров системного воспаления (ИЛ-6, sVCAM-1, ТГФ-β и ST2) были значимо выше, чем у ЗД. Концентрации ST-2, ТГФ-β и ИЛ-6 были выше у пациентов с СНнФВ, чем у СНсФВ. Уровни вчСРБ, sVCAM-1, MMP-9 и Галектина-3 между группами пациентов с ХСН не различались. У пациентов с СНсФВ уровень нейрегулина-1β значимо ассоциировался с маркерами системного воспаления: вчСРБ (r s =0,378, p=0,023), ИЛ-6 (r s =0,378, p=0,014) и фиброза: ТГФ-β (r s =0,603, p=0,001). Анализ Каплана-Майера показал, что у пациентов с СНсФВ, но не СНнФВ, имеющих повышенные уровни нейрегулина-1β и ИЛ-6, частота госпитализаций по поводу декомпенсации ХСН была выше, чем у больных с низкими уровнями биомаркеров (logrank test, р=0,046 и р=0,012 соответственно). Многофакторный анализ показал, что ассоциация нейрегулина-1β с исходами оставалась значимой при включении в модель факторов пол, возраст, NTproBNP. Заключение. У больных СНсФВ концентрация нейрегулина-1β выше, чем у здоровых добровольцев, и сопоставима с таковой в группе СНнФВ. Высокие уровни нейрегулина-1β ассоциируются с маркерами системного воспаления и фиброза у больных СНсФВ. Дальнейшие исследования необходимы для оценки прогностической значимости нейрегулина-1β при СНсФВ.
BackgroundCardiac AL amyloidosis as a complication of multiple myeloma (MM) is a formidable life-threatening condition. The first-line therapy for both MM and systemic AL amyloidosis is proteasome inhibitors (PIs). Unfortunately, the use of PIs may lead to cardiovascular toxicity development, which requires specific cardio-oncology supervision.Case ReportA 57-year-old woman was admitted to a university hospital with clinical manifestation of progressive chronic heart failure. The patient had hypertension and no history of diabetes mellitus, myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, and arrhythmias. After a series of laboratory and instrumental examination methods, MM complicated by cardiac AL amyloidosis was proved. Upon specific cardio-oncology examination (NT-proBNP 4,274 pg/ml), ECHO showed systolic dysfunction, motion abnormalities in LV basal and middle segments, and a typical depositional myocardium pattern (“luminescence”); cardiac MRI revealed restrictive cardiomyopathy and specific hyperenhancement of the ventricles and atria; 24-h ECG showed QS-pattern in leads V1–V3 and unstable ventricular tachycardia (VT) paroxysms. Cardio-oncology consultation showed baseline cardiovascular risk was very high (≥20%), and cardioprotective therapy [iACE/ARBs, beta-blockers (BB), statins] was administered. The patient underwent VCD (bortezomib; cyclophosphamide; dexamethasone) chemotherapy (CMT) program. By the time of publication, the patient had received four CMT courses with a positive oncohematological and cardiovascular effect.ConclusionIn this clinical case, we described a complication of MM, which was rare according to the severity and manifestation with restrictive cardiomyopathy due to secondary cardiac amyloidosis. The case's features were difficulties in verifying the underlying disease and its own complication, and the complexity of patient management according to modern principles of cardio-oncology.
Aim To determine the neuregulin-1β concentration in patients with chronic heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and the association of this biomarker with the functional status of patients, echocardiographic parameters of the structural and functional condition of the heart, and the risk of unfavorable outcome.Material and methods This observational, prospective study included 47 patients with HFpEF; 32 (68%) of them were females. Mean age was 70 [66–77] years, EF was 57 [56; 58] %. The group of healthy volunteers consisted of 40 people; 32 (55 %) of them were females; mean age was 56 [53–61] years. For all patients, the functional status was evaluated (6-min walk test, 6MWT); standard echocardiography (EchoCG) was performed; and concentrations of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and neuregulin-1β were measured. The follow-up period was two years. Cases of cardiovascular (CV) death and hospitalizations for decompensated chronic heart failure (CHF) were recorded.Results Median concentration of neuregulin-1β was 0.969 [0.348; 1.932] ng/ml in the HFpEF group, which was significantly higher than 0.379 [0.195; 0.861] ng/ml in the group of healthy volunteers (р=0.003). Significant correlations between the neuregulin-1β concentration and the distance walked in 6MWT or with EchoCG parameters of left ventricular diastolic function were not found. Mean observation time was 456 [244; 730] days. 21 outcomes were observed, including 2 CV deaths and 19 hospitalizations for CHF. Patients with high concentrations of neuregulin-1β (≥Me) had a greater frequency of hospitalizations for CHF (Log-rank, p=0.046) and a higher risk of this outcome (risk ratio, 1.30; 95 % confidence interval, 1.01–1.66; p=0.037).Conclusion Patients with HFpEF had increased concentrations of neuregulin-1β. High levels of neuregulin-1β were associated with a higher risk of hospitalization for decompensated CHF.
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