Child abuse and neglect play a causal role in many mental health problems. Knowing whether users of mental health services were abused or neglected as children could be considered essential for developing comprehensive formulations and effective treatment plans. In the present study we report the findings of a systematic review, using independent searches of three databases designed to discover how often mental health staff find out whether their clients were abused or neglected as children. Twenty-one relevant studies were identified. Most people who use mental health services are never asked about child abuse or neglect. The majority of cases of child abuse or neglect are not identified by mental health services. Only 28% of abuse or neglect cases identified by researchers are found in the clients' files: emotional abuse, 44%; physical abuse, 33%; sexual abuse, 30%; emotional neglect, 17%; and physical neglect, 10%. Between 0% and 22% of mental health service users report being asked about child abuse. Men and people diagnosed with psychotic disorders are asked less than other people. Male staff ask less often than female staff. Some improvement over time was found. Policies compelling routine enquiry, training, and trauma-informed services are required.
The spaces that surveillance produces can be thought of as ambiguous, entailing elements that are ethereal yet material, geographical yet trans-geographical. Contemporary surveillance systems form numerous connections that involve multiple times, spaces, and bodies. Due to their ubiquity, normalisation, and yet clandestine characteristics, they seem to produce an almost unnoticed aspect of everyday life. The impacts then, of contemporary surveillance systems, appear to be particularly experienced on the margins of consciousness. Thus we find that an empirical analysis of this realm of experience is possible but requires one to look for such things as disruption, disfluency, and hesitation in the text of speech acts rather than clear representation. Through empirical analysis of narratives concerning everyday experiences of living with contemporary surveillance systems, this paper focuses on their possible affective impacts. In turn, we find it more fitting to think about the so called "surveillance society" in terms of producing "atmospheres" rather than "cultures or assemblages," and "affects" rather than "emotions." Keywords Affect, Atmosphere, Assemblage, Emotion, Surveillance Affecting Atmospheres through SurveillanceThere is an overarching perception between academics, politicians, media, and the general public that surveillance systems are now almost ubiquitous in the UK (particularly in the cities). A report by
Theorising psychological activity as a spatial product appears a logical extension of moves in social theory to emphasise the role of space and place in the consideration of experience. Catalysed by turns in social and human geographies to highlight the role of space and location in constituting psychological activity, various forms of the ‘spatialisation of experience’ have emerged. In this paper I will follow this theoretical direction in relation to the underlying destabilisation of everyday life that emerges as a product of theoretical formations that emphasise the fluidity of space. More specifically, I will take the example of the home as a central space in the ongoing activity of people with enduring mental distress. Forging a theoretical line that takes in geographies of mental health, the home, and finally, Gilles Deleuze's work on ‘repetition’ and ‘habit’, I will analyse the role of home spaces in everyday life. Key here is a concern regarding the impact of theoretical emphases on continuity, mobility, and instability on understandings of the everyday lives of mental health service users. This includes addressing conceptualisations of the home space alongside the activities of the people who occupy, and hence co-make, such spaces. The article concludes by framing ‘spatial habituation’ of the everyday as central to creating a perceivable stability, analysis of which can aid understanding of the challenges facing people suffering with mental distress.
This paper develops the concept of digital atmosphere to analyse the affective power of social media to shape practices of care and support for people living with mental distress. Using contemporary accounts of affective atmospheres, the paper focuses on the impact/s on feelings of distress, support and care that unfold through digital atmospheres. The power of social media intersects with people's support and care seeking practices in multiple ways and not in a straightforward 'accessing/providing support' model. Indeed, we find that the caring relations that develop through social media often need caring for themselves (Schillmeier, 2014). The paper draws on online and interview data from a larger project investigating how practices of care and support are (re)configured in the mental health-related social media site Elefriends.
This study sought to analyse how knowledge of the controversial illness, known among other names as Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) or Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (ME), is rhetorically constructed in the accounts of four sufferers. A discursive psychological approach was adopted, to analyse how sufferers of CFS use their discourse to actively represent notions of blame and accountability and their stake and interest, in situated illness narratives. The themes identi ed all serve to construct CFS as a legitimate organic illness. By constructing CFS in this way, the sufferers are able to position themselves as legitimately ill, and thus avoid the stigma and threats to their identities that being diagnosed as suffering from a psychological disorder could bring. Qualitative Research in Psychology 2004; 1: 153 /167
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