A major exploration and production (E&P) company is acquiring a significant number of multiphase production logs a year for reservoir management. It is anticipated that this number will increase, when these deviated and horizontal wells start to produce water. It is more challenging when these wells become dead due to downhole communication between an aquifer and the objective reservoir resulting in excessive downhole water dumping. The strategy, therefore, is to run advanced production logging tools (APLT) integrated with the pulsed neutron logging tool (PNLT) to provide velocity along with holdup maps across the diameter of the borehole from an array of sensors and water velocities inside the wellbore or the annulus, respectively. The combination between APLT and PNLT data provides accurate detection and quantification of water zonal contributions. The aim of the three case examples presented in this paper is to facilitate detecting the leak point and assembling the inflow profiles. The first example is an open hole completion. The logging data showed 1000 bbl of down-flow movements in the tubing-casing annulus (TCA) starting from the shallow aquifer. The second well was completed with an inflow control device (ICD). Water dumping was observed from the leak over the blank pipe down to the screen interval, which is also supported by temperature deflection. The third example is a cased-hole perforated completion. An integrated logging approach yielded reliable results in detecting the water entry interval, and the water entry was identified from the perforated section flowing upward to the casing leak. This detected crossflow in the mentioned examples at shut-in conditions was the reason that the wells were dead. The established integrated logging solution and field examples showed evidence that a leaking interval was suspected to be responsible for high water cut, reducing well performance and killing the wells. The source of water production identified provides the justification for a workover to isolate the water entries, secure the objective reservoir, and revitalize the dead well.
Although early corrosion detection may allow preventive maintenance to reduce the risk of environmental damage and surface incidents (explosion, fire, leakage, and related consequences), many of the wells producing today were completed decades ago, when corrosion control and monitoring were not a primary concern. Even with today's technological advances, corrosion cannot be completely prevented, but it can be controlled and minimized through proper planning, monitoring, and maintenance. Middle Eastern operators have experienced varying degrees of casing completion failures in recent years due to common highly corrosive, water-bearing zones across shallow depths. The electromagnetic (EM) pipe inspection tool provides critical monitoring for evaluating casing integrity by locating, identifying, and quantifying damage and corrosion. Failure to address potential corrosion attack can impact well profitability as operators must respond by implementing extensive and potentially expensive restoration methods. Not only does mitigation increase operating expenses, it may force operators to shut-in well production for unplanned periods of time. The immediate aim of the examples presented in this paper is to understand the levels of corrosive damage that are present in the wells; that have serious repercussions on the flow efficiency of completions. This assessment of well integrity investigations is used to identify any extensive corrosion in the outer casing before it penetrates through the inner casings. The provided field examples were logged rigless to establish the condition of multiple pipes. Corrosion intervals were suspected of being responsible for reducing well performance and killing the wells. Casing metal loss (ML) evaluations assisted in identifying which wells need workover attention to avoid excessive loss in production, environmental pollution, repair costs, or accidents.
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