Bu makaleye şu şekilde atıfta bulunabilirsiniz (To cite to thi sarticle): Biliz İ., Bakkaloglu A., Kilic M., "The effect of process parameters on microstructure and porosity of layered NiAl(Co/Cr) alloy produced by SHS method", Politeknik Dergisi, 23(1): 161-169, (2020). Erişim linki(To link to this article):http://dergipark.gov.tr/politeknik/archive ÖZ Bu çalışmada SHS yöntemiyle üretilmiş olan tabakalı NiAl(Co/Cr)alaşımının mikroyapı ve gözenek oranına sıkıştırma basıncı, ön ısıtma ve alaşımlamanın etkisi incelendi. % 50 Ni-%50 Al tozlarına her tabakaya %3, %6 ve %10 Co ve Cr tozları ilave edilerek 300 dev/dk hızında 12 saat süreyle döner bir kap içerisinde karıştırıldı. Karıştırılan tozlar bir kalıp içerisinde soğuk presle 50,100 ve 200 MPa basınçla briketlendi. Elde edilen ham numuneler daha sonra argon atmosfer kontrolündeki bir odacığa alınarak ön ısıtmasız ve 250 o C ön ısıtmalı olarak ateşlenerek sentezlendi. Yanma reaksiyonu ile sentezlenen numunelerin mikroyapıları, elementel analizi ve faz analizi SEM-BSE, EDS ve XRD cihazlarıyla incelendi. EDS analizi sonucunda en yüksek değerde Ni elementinin olduğu, bunu takiben Al ve alaşıma göre Co ve Cr olduğu belirlendi. Faz bileşenlerini belirlemek için yapılan XRD analizinde ise en yüksek pik değerlerin NiAl olduğu, düşük değerdeki piklerin Ni3Al ve NiAl3 olduğu tespit edildi. Yapılan yoğunluk hesaplamaları sonucunda gözenek oranını etkileyen en önemli parametrenin sıkıştırma basıncının olduğu, bunun temel nedeninin basıncının artmasıyla tozların birbirine temasının artması sonuncunda yanma reaksiyonun kesilmeden ilerlemesi, ergimiş tozların yer değiştirme fırsatı olmadan katılaşmasından kaynaklandığı düşünülmektedir. En yüksek gözenek değerleri ön ısıtmasız 50 MPa basınca sahip numunelerde oluştuğu belirlendi. ABSTRACTThis paper deals with the investigation of microstructure and porosity of layered compounds of NiAl(Co/Cr) powders by SHS method. Layers of 50% Ni-50% Al powders were mixed with 3%, 6% and 10% of Co and Cr powders. These were mixed for 12 hours in a rotational container with a speed of 300 rpm. Mixed powders were cold compressed in a mould with pressures of 50, 100 and 200 MPa. The obtained samples were then synthesized in an argon controlled atmosphere with and without preheating to 250 o C. The microstructure of synthesized samples was analysed using SEM-BSE, EDS and XRD. The EDS results showed that the samples were containing Ni in majority along with Al, Co, and Cr. To determine the phase components, XRD spectra was analysed and the peaks of NiAl, Ni3Al, and NiAl3 were confirmed with NiAl having the highest peak intensity. The density calculations showed that the ratio of pores was affected the most from pressure. The main reason for this was attributed to the better contact of the powders under higher pressure which helped an uninterrupted reaction. The highest pore ratio values were obtained from samples produced under 50 MPa pressure.
In this study, the porous samples were manufactured through selfpropagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) by adding 10 % Co and Cr to 50 % Ni-50 % Al powders. 10 % Co and Cr added 50 % Ni-50 % Al samples were mixed for 12 hours using a mixer with a rotational speed of 300 rpm and compacted under 100 MPa pressure. The obtained samples were then synthesized by moving them to an argon atmosphere and combusted with the aid of a tungsten electrode. The obtained samples after the combustion reaction were characterized in terms of their microstructure using scanning electron microscope-the backscattered electrons (SEM-BSE). The elemental and phase analysis were carried out using EDS and XRD, respectively. The Energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) results showed that the dominant element was Ni and the presence of Co with Cr was less than that of Al. As a result of XRD analyses, it was determined that NiAl was formed as the dominant phase in the samples and also Ni3Al and NiAl3 phases were formed in low amounts. Both Cr and Co addition increased hardness of NiAl alloy. However, Cr has a greater effect on the increase of hardness values than Co.
NiAl ve Ni3Al intermetalik bileşikler günümüzde özellikle yüksek sıcaklık uygulamalarında tercih edilen malzemelerdir. Bu malzemelerin en büyük dezavantajı işleme ve dövme gibi uygulamalar esnasında gevrek kırılma göstermesidir. Bu çalışmada toz metalürjisi yöntemlerinden biri olan kendi ilerleyen yüksek sıcaklık sentezi (self-propagating high temperature synthesis = SHS) ile krom takviyeli iki katmandan oluşan NiAl/Ni3Al intermetalik malzemesi üretilmiştir. Yüksek saflıktaki tozların karıştırılmasıyla elde edilen malzemeye Cr takviye edilerek malzemenin mikroyapısına ve mikrosertliğine etkileri incelenmiştir. Katmanlı malzemenin mikroyapı analizleri optik mikroskop ve taramalı elektron mikroskobu (SEM) kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Ayrıca numunelerin kimyasal kompozisyonlarının tespiti için EDX, faz bileşenlerinin tespiti için ise XRD analizleri yapılmıştır. Yapılan analizler sonucunda SHS yöntemi kullanılarak katmanlı ve Cr katkılı NiAl/Ni3Al intermetalik malzemelerinin üretilebileceği görülmüştür. Ayrıca faz analizleri incelendiğinde NiAl/Ni3Al ana fazlarının yanında Cr2Ni3 fazı da oluşmuştur. Mikroyapı analizleri Ni3Al bölgesinde ve ara bölgede NiAl bölgesine oranla daha fazla gözenek oluştuğu görülmüştür. Mikrosertlik ölçümlerimde ise en yüksek sertlik Ni3Al bölgesinde en düşük sertlik ise NiAl bölgesinde ölçülmüştür.
Technological developments and differences in application areas increase the importance of laminated composites. Laminated composites with complex properties exhibit features such as high strength, high corrosion and thermal resistance, low specific gravity, resistance to environmental conditions. These properties generally reflect components that make up laminated composite. In this study, effects of reinforcements on mechanical properties of laminated composites were investigated. In production of laminated composites, aluminum 5754 is used for metal layers, and aramid, glass and carbon fibers are used for fiber reinforcements. Epoxy was also preferred as resin. First of all, the resin was applied on the cleaned aluminum plate and the aramid fiber was added on it. By continuing the processes in this way, Arall laminated composite consisting of five layers was obtained. Similar processes were applied to carbon fiber and glass fiber materials, and Carall and Glare laminated composites were produced, respectively. In addition, by subjecting the fiber layers to a combination among themselves, Ar-Carall, Ar-Glare and Car-Glare laminated composites were produced. The produced laminated composites were subjected to tensile and bending tests and their strengths were compared. As a result of the experiments, the highest tensile and bending strength was obtained from the Carall laminated composite. The strength of the Ar-Carall and the Car-Glare laminated hybrid composites containing carbon fiber were better than the Arall and the Glare laminated composites.
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