Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate use of calabrian pine (pinus brutia) cone (CPC) dust along with borax (BX) to assess the effect of friction coefficient. Despite the number of research studies completed on the mechanism of friction in automotive brake lining materials, the phenomenon is still not fully understood. Complex mechano-chemical processes occurring on the friction interface of a composite friction material make it difficult to understand the correlation between the formulation of brake lining and the frictional performance. Design/methodology/approach – In this study, the use of CPC dust along with BX has been investigated for assessing the effect on friction coefficient. CPC has resin in it. BX is a boron production which is widely used in boron glass production and in ceramic industry for increasing the heat- resistant and -forming abrasion resistant. Newly formulated brake lining material with five different ingredients has been tested under Friction Assessment and Screening Test. Friction coefficient, wear rate and scanning electron microscope for friction surface were examined to assess the performance of these samples. Findings – Analysis of the experimental results shows that the brake lining material containing CPC and BX significantly improved the stability of the friction coefficient, fade and wear resistance. Originality/value – Several investigations have been conducted to use different materials in brake pads. The brake pad standards have been provided in previous studies, as well as the aims for economical and sustainable production. In the present study, production of brake pads by CPC dust and BX has been executed. Parallel results have been presented between previously reported and present study, in view of brake characteristics and wear resistance. Use of the lower cost and productive organic sources of material are the main improvement of the present study.

Brake linings used in automotive disks are usually composed of various components. The expected properties of a brake lining are the standard values of wear resistance, friction coefficient and the economical manufacturing. Brake lining extremely warms up during braking due to friction. The braking performance of braking lining can change or the braking lining undergoes mechanical deformation due to excessive temperature. In this study, the effect of granite powder in the brake friction material on various aspects of friction characteristics were investigated. Three friction material specimens were produced based on an experimental formulation, and they contained 2, 6 and 10 % granite powder, respectively, with fixed composition of the other ingredients. Tribological properties of the friction materials were obtained using a brake dynamometer. Results showed that the friction materials containing 2 and 6 % granite powder had improved friction stability and fade resistance.

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In this study the effect of refined boron product borax on friction and wear performance of various brake friction couples were investigated. Different amounts of borax were used in the mix with other regular ingredients in the respective brake pad. Newly formulated brake pad material with nine different ingredients was tested using friction assessment and screening test (FAST). Among such specimens, only half of the samples (shown with H indices) were heat treated for 4 h at 180 °C. The friction coefficient as well as the wear rate were determined and the friction surfaces were examined by scanning electron microscope (SEM) to assess the performance of these samples. The heat treated sample that was reinforced with 12 % borax exhibited the optimum friction and wear behaviour. With increasing friction surface temperature, a reduction of the friction coefficient of the samples was observed. The lowest reduction of the friction coefficient was observed the 8 % and 12 % borax reinforced and heat treated samples.

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