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In this study, an internal combustion engine is experimentally analyzed under 100 Nm engine load using biodiesel and diesel fuels. The analyses of energy, exergy and environment are also applied to the internal combustion engine without after treatment system (Engine-Out) and with silicon carbide-based diesel particle filter (SiC-DPF) after treatment system. The impact of the utilization of SiC-DPF on the exhaust emissions and energy, exergy, environmental analyses results are examined. It is determined that (1) the work rate of diesel-fueled engine is higher than the biodiesel-fueled engine. (2) When energy and exergy losses are taken into consideration, the use of SiC-DPF has a positive effect on the emissions of the biodiesel-fueled engine, but it does not have the same effect for the diesel-fueled engine. (3) The biodiesel-fueled engine has higher energy and exergy efficiencies than diesel-fueled engine with and without after treatment systems. (4) In terms of exergy destruction, the results of the diesel-fueled engine have the maximum value with the use of SiC-DPF after treatment system, while the results of the biodiesel-fueled engine have the minimum value with the use of SiC-DPF. This reveals the effectiveness of the use of SiC-DPF after treatment system. (5) The emission rate of CO 2 is obtained as maximum for the biodiesel-fueled engine. Also, the minimum CO 2 emission rate is determined for the diesel-fueled engine without after treatment system. The use of SiC-DPF contributes to a reduction in CO 2 emission for the biodiesel fuel, while it causes an increase for the diesel fuel. (6) The entropy generation rate of the biodiesel-fueled engine is lower than the diesel-fueled engine with and without after treatment options. This study could help future studies on the choice of fuels and utilization of after treatment systems in the internal combustion engines in terms of better environment.

In this study, the energy and exergy prices of the coal, diesel oil, electricity, fuel oil, LPG, natural gas, air source heat pump (ASHP) and ground source heat pump (GSHP) along with their energetic and exergetic carbon dioxide (CO2) equivalents are evaluated basing on 12‐month data of 2016 (from January to December) for residential and industrial sectors in Turkey. Also, they are considered as district heating energy sources/fuels to heat the 100 m2 floor area in the residential and industrial applications. For the residential and industrial sectors, the minimum energy & exergy prices and energetic & exergetic CO2 equivalents are found for the GSHP; while the corresponding maximum energy and exergy rates are obtained for the LPG. Also, the quantity of fuel required for the desired period is calculated for each one of the energy sources. If the residential and industrial sectors are considered together, the minimum amount of required fuel is found for the LPG as 16.3 kg/°Ch; while the maximum one is found for the coal (for residential sector) to be 44.25 kg/°Ch. © 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 37: 912–925, 2018

Purpose The purpose of this study is to evaluate the energy and exergy prices and carbon emission equivalents of the jet kerosene (Jet A-1) fuel considering 12 months data for the air transport sector in Turkey. Design/methodology/approach In the selection of the energy resources, one of the most important factors besides the need is the price of the energy resources. To use and save the energy resources efficiently, the prices should be evaluated in terms of exergy too. In this context, the exergy prices and carbon emission equivalents of the jet kerosene fuel have been examined. Findings According to analysis results, after January 2020, a steady decline in energy prices has been obtained until April 2020. In this regard, directly proportional changes have been obtained in exergy prices. The minimum exergy price of the fuel is calculated as 74.36 US cents/kWh for April 2020, while the maximum exergy price of the fuel is calculated as 150.02 US cents/kWh for September 2019. The minimum exergy price based carbon emission equivalents for the jet kerosene fuel is determined as 1,099.98 US cents/kg for April 2020, while the maximum exergy price based carbon emission equivalents for the jet kerosene fuel is found to be 2,219.29 US cents/kg for September 2019. Originality/value The new contribution has been made to the open literature by examining the energy and exergy prices of the jet kerosene fuel. In addition, the carbon emission equivalents of the jet kerosene fuel have been determined not only energy but also exergy methods.

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