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Failure to integrate heterogeneous wireless systems generally makes it difficult, if not impossible, for the continuation of remote working or remote experiments when human operators and equipment coexist through networks in a collaborative environment. Mobile laboratories using ubiquitous mobile communication for next-generation heterogeneous wireless systems have prospects for increasing the operation of distributed communication and mobile ubiquitous systems. All “technology assessors” concur that tomorrow’s society will have access to smart objects (mobile devices or apparatuses, mobile equipment, e.g. robots) that contain “programs” that will assist with communication in everyday life. However one of the tomorrow’s challenges will consist of programming those objects to cooperate with and control telecommunications technologies. For a Mobile Laboratory to ensure consistent mobility in an environment, it must combine various wireless networks as a single integrated system. In this chapter we propose a Mobile Laboratory Model with mobile devices that take advantage of multiple mobile gateways by using Internet Protocol (IP) as the interconnection protocol to achieve the objective stated above.

The fifth-generation (5G) networks are expected to meet various communication requirements for vehicles. C-V2X, introduced in LTE V2X in Release 14, is designed to provide ultra-high reliability and ultra-low latency performance required by the most demanding V2X applications. In the literature, research interests are primarily focused on safety-critical applications in a dynamic environment. Therefore, in most communication models, both safety and non-safety critical applications operate through the same radio access technology. This is the case of both C-V2X Direct Communication and IEEE 802.11p. However, in an urban environment characterized by high traffic density, the availability of resources can be problematic. In that case, it would be best to propose new communication strategies because different use cases will have different sets of requirements. In this paper, we propose to increase the capacity of C-V2X Direct Communication by introducing WiFi Direct as a second connection alternative. Indeed, several works have shown that WiFi offloading can alleviate the congestion of cellular networks. Thus, an SDN-based P2P Group Formation is proposed by extending OpenFlow to manage the WiFi Direct control plane. This solution also allows establishing multi-hop communication, something that is not possible in the standard version of WiFi Direct. The performance evaluation of the P2P Group Formation procedure is proposed via simulations in an urban environment. The results show that our proposed procedure performs better compared to those proposed in the literature. To demonstrate the implementation feasibility of the proposed solution in real hardware, we also performed prototyping.INDEX TERMS C-V2X, connected vehicles, software defined networking, WiFi direct.

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