No abstract

Penyakit tetelo atau Newcastle Disease (ND) merupakan salah satu penyakit infeksius yang penting dalam industri peternakan. Penyakit ND di Indonesia masih bersifat endemis termasuk di wilayah Provinsi Bali. Ayam merupakan unggas yang paling peka terhadap penyakit ND. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui berapakah seroprevalensi penyakit ND pada ayam kampung di salah satu Rumah Potong Unggas (RPU) yang berlokasi di Kecamatan Denpasar Selatan, Bali. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode acak lengkap/random sampling dan dilakukan sebanyak tiga kali, dengan jumlah sampel 24 ekor ayam kampung tiap kali pengambilan. Sampel diuji serologi menggunakan uji Hambatan Hemaglutinasi Cepat (HI Cepat) dan Hambatan Hemaglutinasi Titrasi (HI Titer). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan seroprevalensi terhadap penyakit ND sebesar 19,4%. Waktu pengambilan sampel yang berbeda secara statistika menunjukkan hasil tidak ada perbedaan yang nyata. Hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa, telah terjadi infeksi virus ND dengan kehadiran antibodi ND pada ayam kampung di salah satu RPU yang berlokasi di Kecamatan Denpasar Selatan, Kota Denpasar, Bali.

The prolonged global spread and community transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has led to the emergence of variants and brought questions regarding disease severity and vaccine effectiveness. We conducted simple bioinformatics on the spike gene of a representative of each variant. The data show that a number of polymorphic amino acids are located mostly on the amino-terminal side of the S1/S2 cleavage site. The Omicron variant diverges from the others, with the highest number of amino acid substitutions, including the receptor-binding site (RBS), epitopes, S1/S2 cleavage site, fusion peptide, and heptad repeat 1. The current sharp global increase in the frequency of the Omicron genome constitutes evidence of its high community transmissibility. In conclusion, the proposed guideline could give an immediate insight of the probable biological nature of any variant of SARS-Cov-2. As the Omicron diverged the farthest from the original pandemic strain, Wuhan-Hu-1, we expect different epidemiological and clinical patterns of Omicron cases. On vaccine efficacy, slight changes in some epitopes while others are conserved should not lead to a significant reduction in the effectiveness of an approved vaccine.

Rabies merupakan penyakit zoonosis yaitu, penyakit yang dapat ditularkan dari hewan ke manusia. Sebagian besar kasus rabies (98%) disebabkan oleh gigitan anjing penderita rabies, sedangkan sisanya oleh kucing. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui titer antibodi anjing lokal enam bulan pasca vaksinasi rabies menggunakan vaksin rabisin. Penelitian ini dilakukan tiga tahap, yaitu: pengambilan sampel darah di Desa Buduk dan Sading, pemisahan serum dan pengujian serum dengan uji enzym linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) menggunakan 19 sampel anjing lokal dengan pengambilan darah secara acak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dari 19 sampel yang diuji sebanyak 17 sampel (89%) memiliki titer antibodi protektif (seropositif) dan dua sampel (11%) belum memiliki titer antibodi protektif (seronegatif). Seropositif adalah nilai Optical Density (OD) di atas 0,5 IU, sedangkan seronegatif adalah nilai Optical Density (OD) di bawah 0,5 IU.

The main host of Avian Influenza is poultry, including domestic chickens because domestic chickens are kept without cages (released). Extraordinary Avian Influenza has occurred in Indonesia, including in Tabanan Regency, Bali in 2003-2006. The case of human deaths due to Bird Flu had occurred in Banjar Batugaing Desa Beraban in Kediri District. Nyambu Village is located in Kediri Subdistrict, Tabanan Regency, many residents raise domestic poultry. The total population of free-range chickens in Kediri District is 30,171 in 2016. Considering the potential of Nyambu Village whose residents mostly raise free-range chicken by means of release, it is very vulnerable to the spread of Avian Influenza in the Village. The purpose of community service in Nyambu Village is to prevent the onset of Avian Influenza. The main target of community service in Nyambu Village is the villagers who maintain free-range chicken. Community service activities have been carried out on July 28, 2018 at the Nyambu Village Office followed by the Village apparatus and the local community. They were given counseling then continued with vaccination on their domesticated chickens from one house to another, it’s used AI inactive vaccine by intramuscullare injected. As many as 230 domestic chickens of various ages have been successfully vaccinated.