IntroductionBenign prostatic hyperplasia is a common disease of ageing men worldwide. Though transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) is the standard in most parts of the world in evaluation of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), it is rarely done in some less developed countries because of non availability of appropriate probes and or specialists. Transabdominal ultrasonography (TAUS) remains the mainstay in these areas. Some controversies still exist in literature about the accuracy of TAUS evaluation of prostatic volume in patients with BPH. This study aimed at comparing the transition zone volume estimation of the prostate on transrectal and transabdominal ultrasound with post-operative enucleated adenoma volume in Nigeria patients with BPH and to suggest better predictor of prostate volume in evaluation of BPH.MethodsForty-six (46) patients with lower urinary tract symptoms due to BPH attending the urologic clinic were evaluated ultrasonographically and eventually managed with open surgery (prostatectomy) after due counselling. The post operative samples were weighted using a sensitive top loading weighing balance and converted to volume. Since the specific gravity of the prostate is equivalent to that of water,the weight is the same as volume.ResultsPatients’ ages ranged between 59 and 90 years with a peak age incidence at seventh decade. Transition Zone (TZ) volume estimation on both transrectal and transabdominal ultrasound showed positive correlation with the post operative enucleated adenoma(r = 0.594, p < 0.001) but the transrectal method was more accurate. There was no significant relationship between the TZ volume and patients’ symptoms(r = 0.491, p = 0.007).ConclusionBoth TRUS and TAUS are comparable at TZ volume estimation and therefore TAUS can be utilized in regions where intracavitary probes and or the expertise is/are not available.

A 14-year-old boy was referred from a private hospital to Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Teaching Hospital (LAUTECH) Osogbo, on account of wheal like pruritic erythematous rashes observed a week prior to presentation. He gave a history of fever and dry cough noticed four days prior to presentation and difficulty with breathing a day prior to presentation.He initially presented at a private hospital, where he was managed with intravenous ceftriaxone and aminophylline. His mother died of similar symptoms in the same hospital, about five hours before his referral to the paediatric emergency unit. Death of the mother and worsening respiratory distress in the child necessitated referral from the private hospital to the paediatric emergency unit of LAUTECH, Osogbo for treatment.There was no history of toxin or poison ingestion, facial swelling, bee sting or oliguria. Similar history of rashes, cough and dyspnoea were also obtained in his two younger siblings. However, detailed enquiry of mother and the three siblings did not reveal anything ingested, contacted, inhaled or otherwise exposed to. There was no past history of similar rashes or other forms of rashes, atopy, or asthma in any member of the family.His 11-year-old brother and three-year-old sister were also admitted for similar symptoms on the same day, the index case was admitted. They presented with similar history of sudden onset of urticarial rashes, cough and fever of one-week duration. Breathlessness was noticed 24 hours prior to presentation. Other symptoms in the brother included colicky abdominal pain, frequent passage of stools, facial and lip swelling all noticed one day prior to presentation.On examination, the index patient was acutely ill looking with a temperature of 39.2 O C. He weighed 35 kg and had no peripheral oedema. There was no dehydration, palor, icterus, or cyanosis. Respiratory system examination revealed nasal flaring, subcostal and intercostal recession and a respiratory rate of 90 cycles per minute. Percussion notes were resonant and breath sounds were vesicular of normal intensity. Rhonchi were auscultated diffusely over all thoracic fields. Reports on hypersensitivity diseases in Nigerians are rare. We report the incidence of anaphylaxis in three siblings following fatal outcome in their mother. Urticarial rashes were noticed in three siblings' resident in a South Western Nigerian town, one week before presentation at our facility. All the three siblings developed respiratory distress four days after the rash was noticed. Onset of respiratory distress made the family seek care at a private hospital, where they were admitted and treated with intravenous aminophylline and ceftriaxone.The mother of the children had experienced the same symptoms earlier also. She took treatment and died in the same private hospital, where her children received care. Death of the mother and worsening respiratory distress in the children made the father effect transfer of the children to the paediatric emergency unit of Ladoke Akintola Univer...

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