The Tomini Bay Region, with its abundant natural resources, can be leveraged to promote inclusive and sustainable community welfare in line with SDG 10's global target to reduce inequality. However, despite the region's natural wealth, much of the area is plagued by high poverty. In response, local governments have launched several programs to stimulate economic growth while addressing these issues. To assess the effectiveness of these poverty programs, this study evaluated the economic development of the Tomini Bay area using the SDGs framework. The objectives of this study are twofold: 1) to map the progress of SDG 10 poverty indicators in the region, and 2) to project the achievement of SDG 10 poverty indicator targets in the region by 2030. This study employs quantitative descriptive data analysis. The mapping results are expected to aid local governments in formulating more targeted and inclusive development plans.

Herding Behavior is an investor bias that affects stock market price. Stock market is one of the factors that can influence economic condition in a country. This research examine the phenomenon of herding behavior in Indonesia, Malaysia, and Singapore from 2016 to 2019. This research used secondary data, stocks return and market return, and transformed it into Cross Sectional Absolute Deviation (CSAD) to test the dispersion level of stock return to find herding behavior indication using quantile regression. This research also comparing herding behavior between Indonesia and other two countries using independent sample t test. Result showed that in all countries there were no indication of herding behavior in all kind of market condition. This research also found the difference of herding behavior between Indonesia and other countries.

This research was conducted to analyze the optimal portfolio formation using the Single Index Model method by combining stocks included in the SRI-Kehati Index and listed on the Indonesian Sharia Stock Index (ISSI) with the aim of survival and applying sharia principles then measuring optimal portfolio performance using Sharpe Index, Treynor Index, and Jansen Alpha Index. The object of research used is stocks that are consistently included in the Sri Kehati Index and ISSI for the period December 2018 - December 2019. The results of this study show that the optimal portfolio formed has a higher return compared to the benchmark (IHSG) which is 1.99%, meanwhile, the standard deviation of the portfolio or it can be interpreted as portfolio risk is 1.1%. In performance appraisal, in addition to the Jensen Index, the optimal portfolio formed has better performance than the IHSG.