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Environmental pollution as a result of industrialization is a continuous menace. In our precious environment, Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are constantly present and these pollutants are of great concern because of their high level of toxicity, persistency and bioaccumulation. Therefore, this chapter discusses different types and sources of POPs in the environment. The chapter also introduces Advanced oxidative processes (AOPs) and the classes of AOPs. Removal of selected POPs from aqueous solutions by AOPs, such as sulfate radical, ionizing radiation, heterogeneous photocatalysis, electrohydraulic discharge system, ozonation, and Fenton processes, were discussed. The major aim of the chapter is to make available to environmental scientists the recent developments in the removal of POPs by AOPs.