Background: Accurate detection of astrocytomas is very difficult. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the usefulness of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in detection of intracranial astrocytoma. Methodology: This cross sectional study was carried out in the Department of Radiology and Imaging with the collaboration of Department of Neurosurgery and Department of Pathology at Sir Salimullah Medical College (SSMC & MH), Dhaka from January 2013 to December 2013 for a period of one (1) year. Prior to the commencement of this study, the research protocol was approved by the ethical committee (Local Ethical committee) of SSMC. All the patients presented with clinically diagnosed cases of intracranial astrocytoma who were attended in the OPD and IPD were included as study population. The sampling technique was purposive, non-random sampling method. MRI was performed in all cases. The postoperative resected tissues were examined histopathological in the respective department. Then the collected reports were compared with findings of MRI. Results: The sample size of the present study was 48 astrocytoma patients. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of MRI for the diagnosis of astrocytoma are 92.0%, 80.0%, 96.0%, 67.0% and 90.3% respectively. Conclusion: In conclusion MRI has a high diagnostic validity for the detection of astrocytoma. Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, July 2022;8(2):202-205

Background: The socio-demographic profiles may vary among the abdominal tuberculosis patients. Objectives: The purpose of the presents study was to see the socio-demographic characteristics of abdominal tuberculosis patients. Methodology: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Surgery of Rajshahi Medical College Hospital, Rajshahi, Bangladesh from January 2014 to December 2015 for two years. This study included 100 patients who were admitted in surgery units of Rajshahi Medical College Hospital, Rajshahi, Bangladesh who were diagnosed as abdominal tuberculosis with or without associated pulmonary or nodal TB. Both male and female patients of any age except pediatric age group irrespective of nutritional and socio-economic status were included in study population. The details of demographic variables like age, sex, residence and so one were recorded in a data collection sheet. Results: A total number of 100 cases of abdominal tuberculosis patients were recruited for this. Among the 100 cases 52% was within 20 to 30 years of age. The male and female ratio was 2.45:1. Maximum cases (68.0%) were living in rural area. About 82 cases were from lower socio-economic group. Conclusion: In conclusion young adult male with low socio-economic condition are most commonly suffering from abdominal tuberculosis. Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, July 2022;8(2):162-166

Background: Variations of laboratory profiles and imaging findings may occur among the abdominal tuberculosis patients. Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to laboratory profiles and imaging findings of abdominal tuberculosis patients. Methodology: This descriptive cross sectional study was conducted in the Department of Surgery of Rajshahi Medical College Hospital, Rajshahi, Bangladesh from January 2014 to December 2015 for two years. This study included patients who were admitted in surgery units of Rajshahi Medical College Hospital, Rajshahi, Bangladesh who were diagnosed as abdominal tuberculosis with or without associated pulmonary or nodal tuberculosis. Different laboratory tests were performed and were recorded. The imaging techniques like barium meal and Ultrasonography of the abdomen were also performed during diagnosis of the patient. Results: A total number of 100 cases were included in the study. The most common age group was 20 to 30 Years of age group which was 52.0% cases. In this study 18 cases were positive histological examination of intestine for tuberculosis. About 12 cases were node-positive, 6 cases were ADA positive, 20 patients underwent positive colonoscopy, 26 cases were FNAC positive in caecal growth and lymphadenopathy, 12 cases ware positive radiological findings, 3 cases were positive histopathology in which tissue taken by laparoscopy and remaining 3 was confirmed by isolation of organism by smear and culture for AFB of ascetic fluid. In plain X-Ray of abdomen, 48 patients had features of intestinal obstruction, 7 patients had pneumoperitoneam, 4 patients had ground glass opacity with pneumoperitoneam and only 1 patient had calcified lymph node and remaining 40 patients had normal radiological findings. Conclusion: In conclusion most of the abdominal tuberculosis patients are positive in histopathological examination and X-ray of abdomen. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Microbiology, July 2022;16(2):47-52

Background: Tension-type headache is frequently reported by the patients. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to see the status of thyroid hormones among chronic tension type headache patients. Methodology: This study was conducted in the Department of Neurology at Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh. The study subjects consisted of patients presented with primary headache disorders. Result: Among the patients 21.0% had chronic sub-type of TTH. Out of 42 chronic tension-type headache patients 12 had subclinical and another 12 had overt hypothyroidism. Statistically significant difference was seen among different sub-types of headache in relation to thyroid status. Conclusion: Hypothyroidism is found to be a co morbidity or precipitating factors to be development of chronic type of tension-type headache. Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, July 2022;8(2):189-192