This study investigates the impact of selected macroeconomic, demographic, institutional and educational determinants on youth unemployment rates in Europe, with special attention to effects of Active Labour Market Policies on unemployment dynamics. Dynamic panel data estimates have been done with the Generalised Method of Moments on data from 27 E.U. Members States plus Norway (2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2012)(2013)(2014). The results indicate significant impact of the main macroeconomic variables on youth unemployment rates, total unemployment rates and shares of young people (15-24 y.o.) neither employed nor in education or training. Other variables show various levels of significance, including variables which describe labour market policies (L.M.P.s). In all estimations, public expenditure in L.M.P.s as a percentage of gross domestic product has statistically significant impact on unemployment rates, with positive coefficients. However, opposite effects have been estimated when using the number of participants in L.M.P.s and public expenditure in L.M.P.s per unemployed person, which suggests that L.M.P.s better target the general unemployed population than the vulnerable group of the unemployed youth.
Sektor kulturnih i kreativnih industrija (KKI) predstavlja jedan od najbrže rastućih sektora europskoga gospodarstva, sa značajnim udjelima u zaposlenosti i BDP-u. Aktivnosti ovoga sektora su većinom vezane za mala i srednja poduzeća, a koja predstavljaju ključne pokretače europskoga gospodarstva. Iz svega navedenoga je vidljivo značenje ovoga sektora za ostvarivanje konkurentnosti na razini EU-a. Problem istraživanja proizlazi iz poteškoća s kojima se KKI sektor suočava na razini EUa, a koje su posebno vezane za prepreke u zakonodavnom okruženju te izazove digitalizacije. Cilj provedenog istraživanja je prezentirati teorijske aspekte kreativnih i kulturnih industrija u EU te provesti analizu ključnih značajki sektora i čimbenika njegove konkurentnosti. Svrha istraživanja je predložiti znanstveno utemeljene mjere kojima će osigurati daljnji napredak ovoga sektora na razini Unije.
Os fatores macroeconómicos, sociais, políticos, regulatórios e outros impulsionam diferentes perspectivas de crescimento económico e bem-estar em diferentes regiões da Europa. As instituições de ensino superior (IES), com sua tradição, compromisso, progressismo, continuidade e estabilidade, são um fator crucial para o crescimento e desenvolvimento. Há evidência empírica de taxas de desemprego mais baixas em países com uma comunicação eficiente entre o sistema educacional e o mercado de trabalho, que proporciona aos empregadores uma compreensão das competências (qualidades) que os alunos têm ao concluir a sua educação. Expectativas realistas resultam numa melhor adequação da oferta e procura, contribuindo para o bem-estar regional. Como a Europa apresenta significativas disparidades regionais no emprego, na educação e na prosperidade económica, o apoio à ciência e tecnologia, incluindo as IES e o seu serviço, é crucial para o desenvolvimento regional, especialmente nas regiões "periféricas". Além disso, as IES devem procurar articular melhor os seus programas com o emprego e as necessidades de inovação e empreendedorismo. Assim, é estimado como o ensino superior e a ciência se relacionam com a prosperidade económica em diferentes regiões europeias ao nível NUTS 2, classificando-as em três grupos de acordo com o seu nível de PIB per capita. As estimativas desta regressão mostram diferentes efeitos de fatores específicos das IES que influenciam os níveis regionais de prosperidade.
The process of the United Kingdom (UK) leaving the European Union, as a result of the 2016 referendum, brings a lot of uncertainties regarding the impacts of new regulations of trade relations between the UK and other EU member states as well as other countries worldwide. The purpose of this research is, based on a review of the UK's history as an EU member, and the analyses of its current international trade, to determine the potential effects of the process of the UK leaving the European Union to its future trade with the rest of the world. In this paper, four different models by which further trade relations between the United Kingdom and EU could be regulated are discussed. Each of these models has its advantages and disadvantages, and it is not possible to determine with certainty which one of them would be the most beneficial for the UK. Even though a large number of UK's trade partners are not EU members, it is evident that the trade with other countries worldwide can easily be a subjected to change. For that reason, the United Kingdom should primarily base its trade on relations with EU member states, with the assumption of further cooperation with other counties.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.