The global trend is constantly increasing investments in strategic sectors of the economy, for example the electric power industry, which, in many countries, is becoming diversified and dispersed due to the multitude of entities investing in energy production and renewable resources, which leads to an increase in the heterogeneity of investment decisions. There is an urgent need to control the movement of investments, budget funds, as well as their development in the process of implementing investment programs of energy companies. The control of the movement of investments is the most promising direction of studying the subject of finance and audit. The increasing volume of public and private targeted investments in the energy sector and the lack of control over the effectiveness of investment projects (since each program contains several thousand lists of projects) necessitated the introduction of additional regulation of budget spending. The development of a mathematical apparatus for such regulation led to the creation in the Russian Federation of an institute of an independent public technological and price audit (TPA). The TPA is seen as a mechanism to ensure an effective project evaluation and selection process. This article describes methodological improvements using power system optimization models. The Integrated MARKAL-EFOM System (TIMES) was developed as part of the Energy Technology Systems Analysis Program of the IEA-ETSAP, an international community that uses long-term energy scenarios to conduct in-depth energy and environmental analyzes. This approach includes two different but complementary systematic approaches to energy modeling: an engineering approach and an economic approach. The same approach is used when conducting a TSA, when an investment object is evaluated as a set of technological and price parameters. The article considers a model of resource allocation in the energy sector and a mechanism for using TPA for investment projects with state participation in a natural monopoly. An approach to the financial and long-term distribution of investments of electric power companies based on the search for a balance of interests of the supplier and consumer and available energy sources is proposed. A model has been developed to find the optimal plan of technical solutions, taking into account the balance of the possibilities of the electric power industry and the needs of the economy. The relevance of the article is due to the requirements of investment efficiency, since the prevailing share in the costs is occupied by the costs of equipment and the construction of power plants.

The purpose of this article is to reveal the relationship of the effectiveness of pricing policy and spatial economics. The main emphasis is on export pricing models. International trade contributes to the accumulation of political, social and financial power, forming new shopping centers and unions, aligning prices and profitability. International exchange of strategic resources often has the goal of changing the political landscape and financial and trade practices. Oil and crops are used by leading exporting countries as a tool for political pressure and different kinds of preferences. At the same time, it can be argued that prices for certain strategic commodities in the world market are capable of solving a number of global and national issues. For example, market pricing of oil and oil products is gradually changing the world’s monetary system. Currently, future strategic commodities such as grain, sugar and cotton begin to replace oil. These traditional products of the South of Russia provide a significant share of the revenues of the state budget. However, the investment potential of the companies that produce these resources is extremely low. It is necessary to develop an organizational pricing strategy for the expansion of the product range of companies in the southern region in the MICEX list. Optimal pricing can quantitatively change not only GDP growth of both the global and national economies, but also to change the quality of life and management. Pricing methods (regression, parametric technique, specific indices) and pricing mechanisms (administrative and tax approach, for example) chosen by the company are dynamic market instruments for a strong commodity market, for the redistribution of investment flows, and income for the creation of sources of additional investment on the basis of shareholding.

В статье показано значение показателя потребительской корзины в оценке уровня жизни российского населения, рассмотрено соотношение показателей уровня и качества жизни: потребительской корзины, прожиточного минимума, минимального размера оплаты труда. Авторами проанализированы состав потребительской корзины в России и странах Европы, сделан вывод о консерватизме российской потребительской корзины в течение длительного времени и ее несоответствии потребностям современной жизни. Проведен анализ структуры стоимости потребительской корзины по основным социально-демографическим группам населения. Отдельное внимание для реализации эффективной социальной политики государства авторы уделяют соотношению прожиточного минимума и минимального размера оплаты труда. В результате анализа данных о размерах основных минимальных социальных гарантий, установленных законодательством Российской Федерации, в соотношении с величиной прожиточного минимума определены имеющиеся разрывы в выплатах стипендий студентам вузов, пособий по безработице, пособий по уходу за ребенком. Исследована значимость потребительской корзины для повышения уровня жизни российского населения и развития национальной экономики. Определены направления укрепления социального статуса данного показателя как базы формирования системы оценки адекватного уровня жизни в Российской Федерации. Ключевые слова: прожиточный минимум, минимальная заработная плата, социальные стандарты, уровень и качество жизни.

The article examines the content of public debt policy as an object of economic security in terms of methodological and practical aspects based on the assessment of debt sustainability using a system of indicators. The authors raise the issue of the need to develop a public debt management mechanism, to search for new strategies and tools, including by strengthening the functional role of international financial institutions.

Research background: The UN usually defines cities with more than 1 million inhabitants as megacities. As of 2019, over 55% of the world’s population lives in metropolitan areas. Nowadays, rapid population growth and urban growth have created many socio-economic problems, but also created enormous potential for opportunities. On the one hand, risks, depletion of urban resources, industrial isomorphism, environmental pollution and environmental damage, and, of course, we must not forget about the global virus that is adjusting urbanization processes. On the one hand, risks, depletion of urban resources, industrial isomorphism, environmental pollution and environmental damage. And, of course, we must not forget about the global virus that is making adjustments to the processes of urbanization. On the other hand, megalopolises reduce the costs of doing business, stimulate the process of the birth of new types of business, create new forms of organizations, and create jobs. Megacities are a generator of innovation. Purpose of the article: to develop proposals for the creation of a scientific center of a representative megacity for financial support of innovations and for monitoring information flows and risks. Methods: used in the research: financial engineering, mathematical modeling, robo-advising, crowdfunding, big data technologies. Finding & Value added: Based on the results of the research, a digital platform model and methodology for creating innovative financial products will be created. The model will allow administrative staff to monitor and shape the financial policy of the metropolis. Innovative financial products will be used on the investment platform and will help solve the problem of credit deficits for companies in the early stages of their life cycle.