The article presents the materials of the study of organizational behavior, which the authors conducted from the mid-90s of the XX century to 2019. The authors of the article believe that the professional behavior of the personnel of commercial enterprises is largely determined by the organizational culture that has developed there and, above all, the value orientations of employees. The article presents the author’s view of Russian and foreign literature. The history of the development of views on organizational culture is touched upon. In addition to fairly well-known authors, Edgar Schein, Gerd Hofstede, the authors cite ideas of less well-known in Russia, Trompenaars F., Hampden-Turner C. Singer M.R, Hall E.T., M. Polanyi, revealing the internal contradictions of the paradigm that has developed in foreign historiography. Contradictions in the Russian historiography of organizational culture are revealed based on the analysis of supporters of classical foreign views, Blagov Yu.E., Katkalo V.S., Savchenko L.S., those who rely on traditional Russian concepts, Yadov, V.A., Avdoshina, N. V., Vaskina, Y. V. Gostev A. A. Huseynov A.A., Kagan M.S., and those who try to combine all the diversity of approaches and concepts in their research, Marshev V.I., Shklyaeva N.A., Salikhova E.R., Zakharova L.N. Based on this, the authors propose their own version of the model of organizational culture and methods for studying its dynamics, substantiate the advantages of using their model and methodology in the analysis of organizational processes in commercial enterprises. Based on the processing of some research results, certain assessments are proposed that relate to changes in value orientations in organizations of various types. The authors draw conclusions about the causes and nature of the changes that have occurred. Measures to improve public policy are proposed.