The use of high permittivity materials on substrates of a microstrip antenna was developed with Bismuth Niobate ceramic doped with vanadium Oxide (BiNbO 4 (V 2 O 5 )) and compared with an antenna of silicon dioxide substrate (SiO 2 ) using Ansys software HFSS and CST Studio. The ceramic antenna has -20 dB at 3.5 GHz and the silicon dioxide antenna -24.7 dB of reflection coefficient. The bandwidth values are 80 MHz for the bismuth ceramic antenna and 100 MHz for the silica antenna. The results demonstrate that the proposed BiNbO 4 antenna has great advantage compared to those mentioned in terms of volume reduction, presenting results similar to those antennas with higher volume. In addition, we use copper periodic structures (EBG) in order to increase the gain in associated with the use of BiNbO 4 with addition of V 2 O 5 on the antenna substrate leading to a reduction in the total volume. Therefore, the proposed Bismuth Niobate antenna proves to be an excellent alternative for 5G technology and microwave S band (2-4 GHz) devices, highlighting the mentioned advantages.

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In this work, we present a numerical investigation of the properties of Graphene based Nano Patch Antenna (GNPA) with triangular periodic arrangements of Photonic Band Gap (PBG) insertion into substrate. In the proposed design, we studied the effect on the radiation characteristics, such as return loss, bandwidth, gain, directivity, voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), and the radiation pattern using the Finite Integration Method (FIM). We analyzed three configurations of cylindrical air holes with different PBG insertion heights into silicon dioxide (SiO2) substrate, namely h1, h2 and h3, and also reference antennas. The best results obtained are S11=-31.5, 2.038 dB gain and 0.4 THz bandwidth for antenna h3. The investigated GNPA-PBG resonates around 1.5THz, enabling the application at THz band.

In this work, we present a numerical investigation of the properties of Graphene based Nano Patch Antenna (GNPA) with triangular periodic arrangements of Photonic Band Gap (PBG) insertion into substrate. In the proposed design, we studied the effect on the radiation characteristics, such as return loss, bandwidth, gain, directivity, voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), and the radiation pattern using the Finite Integration Method (FIM). We analyzed three con gurations of cylindrical air holes with different PBG insertion heights into silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ) substrate, namely h1, h2 and h3, and also reference antennas.The best results obtained are S 11 =-31.5, 2.038 dB gain and 0.4 THz bandwidth for antenna h3. The investigated GNPA-PBG resonates around 1.5THz, enabling the application at THz band.