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We studied melt inclusions in olivine of sheared peridotite xenoliths from kimberlites These xenoliths are derived from 180-230 km and are among the deepest mantle rocks Alkali-rich carbonates, halides, sulphates and aragonite were found in melt inclusions Melt inclusions are snapshots Cl-S-alkali-rich carbonate melt originated at > 230 km The high-pressure melt inclusions may represent near primary kimberlite melt

[1] Resent experimental and theoretical studies suggested preferential stability of Fe 3 C over Fe 7 C 3 at the condition of the Earth's inner core. Previous studies showed that Fe 3 C remains in an orthorhombic structure with the space group Pnma to 250 GPa, but it undergoes ferromagnetic (FM) to paramagnetic (PM) and PM to nonmagnetic (NM) phase transitions at 6-8 and 55-60 GPa, respectively. These transitions cause uncertainties in the calculation of the thermoelastic and thermodynamic parameters of Fe 3 C at core conditions. In this work we determined P-V-T equation of state of Fe 3 C using the multianvil technique and synchrotron radiation at pressures up to 31 GPa and temperatures up to 1473 K. A fit of our P-V-T data to a Mie-Gruneisen-Debye equation of state produce the following thermoelastic parameters for the PM-phase of , m = 4.3, and g = 0.66 with fixed parameters m E1 = 3n = 12, γ ∞ = 0, β = 0.3, and a 0 = 0. This formulation allows for calculations of any thermodynamic functions of Fe 3 C versus T and V or versus T and P. Assuming carbon as the sole light element in the inner core, extrapolation of our equation of state of the NM phase of Fe 3 C suggests that 3.3 ± 0.9 wt % С at 5000 К and 2.3 ± 0.8 wt % С at 7000 К matches the density at the inner core boundary.

A comprehensive P-V-T dataset for bcc-Mo was obtained at pressures up to 31 GPa and temperatures from 300 to 1673 K using MgO and Au pressure calibrants. The thermodynamic analysis of these data was performed using high-temperature Birch-Murnaghan (HTBM) equations of state (EOS), Mie-Grüneisen-Debye (MGD) relation combined with the room-temperature Vinet EOS, and newly proposed Kunc-Einstein (KE) approach. The analysis of room-temperature compression data with the Vinet EOS yields V0 = 31.14 ± 0.02 Å3, KT = 260 ± 1 GPa, and KT′ = 4.21 ± 0.05. The derived thermoelastic parameters for the HTBM include (∂KT/∂T)P = −0.019 ± 0.001 GPa/K and thermal expansion α = a0 + a1T with a0 = 1.55 ( ± 0.05) × 10−5 K−1 and a1 = 0.68 ( ± 0.07) × 10−8 K−2. Fitting to the MGD relation yields γ0 = 2.03 ± 0.02 and q = 0.24 ± 0.02 with the Debye temperature (θ0) fixed at 455-470 K. Two models are proposed for the KE EOS. The model 1 (Mo-1) is the best fit to our P-V-T data, whereas the second model (Mo-2) is derived by including the shock compression and other experimental measurements. Nevertheless, both models provide similar thermoelastic parameters. Parameters used on Mo-1 include two Einstein temperatures ΘE10 = 366 K and ΘE20 = 208 K; Grüneisen parameter at ambient condition γ0 = 1.64 and infinite compression γ∞ = 0.358 with β  = 0.323; and additional fitting parameters m = 0.195, e0 = 0.9 × 10−6 K−1, and g = 5.6. Fixed parameters include k = 2 in Kunc EOS, mE1 = mE2 = 1.5 in expression for Einstein temperature, and a0 = 0 (an intrinsic anharmonicity parameter). These parameters are the best representation of the experimental data for Mo and can be used for variety of thermodynamic calculations for Mo and Mo-containing systems including phase diagrams, chemical reactions, and electronic structure.