Urinary excretion of Py and Dpy appears to be a useful marker for evaluating the activity of bone metastases and their response to hormonal treatment in prostate cancer.

Although the clinical effects of attempted nonsurgical treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia have been well documented, detailed histological evaluation of the effects of treatment appears to be limited. The effect of long-term administration of an antiandrogen, chlormadinone acetate (CMA), on benign prostatic hyperplasia was evaluated with histological comparison of two biopsy specimens, one before treatment and one after treatment. Secretory epithelium showed obvious regressive changes with occasional basal cell prominence after CMA treatment. Stromal elements, however, did not show any marked changes, except for occasional edematous loosening. Scores of multiple epithelial parameters tended to be correlated with clinical improvement in urinary obstructive symptoms, especially in patients with predominant glandular hyperplasia. These results suggest that long-term administration of the potent antiandrogen CMA to inhibit dihydrotestosterone-receptor binding might be a useful therapeutic maneuver in patients with glandular hyperplasia, without any deterioration of the stromal component.

We present a rare case of vesico-appendiceal fistula secondary to mucinous adenocarcinoma of the appendix. Transurethral biopsy of the bladder revealed a mucinous adenocarcinoma of probable colonic origin. Adenocarcinoma of the appendix that directly invaded the bladder was diagnosed preoperatively by air-contrast barium enema, colonoscopy and magnetic resonance imaging. When one encounters a case of adenocarcinoma of the bladder suspected to be of colonic origin, one should examine the colon and rectum as well as the appendix and cecum.

We present a rare case of vesico-appendiceal fistula secondary to mucinous adenocarcinoma of the appendix. Transurethral biopsy of the bladder revealed a mucinous adenocarcinoma of probable colonic origin. Adenocarcinoma of the appendix that directly invaded the bladder was diagnosed preoperatively by air-contrast barium enema, colonoscopy and magnetic resonance imaging. When one encounters a case of adenocarcinoma of the bladder suspected to be of colonic origin, one should examine the colon and rectum as well as the appendix and cecum.

Background. A randomized prospective trial was performed to determine whether long‐term oral UFT (a 1:4 mixture of tegafur and uracil) (Taiho Pharmaceutical Co., Tokyo, Japan) therapy was effective in preventing the intravesical recurrence of superficial bladder cancer. Methods. A total of 112 patients with newly diagnosed superficial transitional cell carcinoma of bladder (Ta, T1 and G1 or G2) were randomized into a UFT‐treated group (300–400 mg/d for 2 years) and a control group. Results. After a median follow‐up period of 24.5 months, the recurrence rate was 25.7% for the UFT group and 43.3% for the control group (P = 0.015, logrank test). Side effects of UFT administration were acceptably low. Conclusions. These results suggest that long‐term UFT administration after transurethral resection is effective in preventing the recurrence of superficial bladder cancer.