Artificial tetraploid somatic hybrids have been developed for sterile triploid citrus breeding by sexual hybridization between diploid and tetraploid somatic hybrids. The genetic structure of diploid gametes produced by tetraploid genotypes depends on the mode of chromosome association at meiosis. In order to evaluate tetraploid inheritance in a tetraploid interspecific somatic hybrid between mandarin and lemon, we performed segregation studies using cytogenetic and single sequence repeat molecular markers. Cytogenetic analysis of meiosis in the somatic hybrid revealed 11% tetravalents and 76% bivalents. Inheritance of the tetraploid hybrid was analyzed by genotyping the triploid progeny derived from a cross between a diploid pummelo and the tetraploid somatic hybrid, in order to derive genotypes of the meiospores produced by the tetraploid. A likelihood-based approach was used to distinguish between disomic, tetrasomic, and intermediate inheritance models and to estimate the double reduction rate. In agreement with expectations based the cytogenetic data, marker segregation was largely compatible with tetrasomic and inheritance intermediate between disomic and tetrasomic, with some evidence for preferential pairing of homoeologous chromosomes. This has important implications for the design of breeding programs that involve tetraploid hybrids, and underscores the need to consider inheritance models that are intermediate between disomic and tetrasomic.
Apparu lors d'un croisement naturel entre un mandarinier et un oranger à la fin du XIX e siècle, la clémentine s'est ensuite diversifiée par sélection clonale de mutants somatiques. Distinguer les différentes variétés clonales étant pratiquement impossible, le développement d'outils moléculaires d'identification variétale s'est donc avéré nécessaire. Nous avons étudié trois cultivars, représentant des groupes de maturité des fruits très distincts. Nous avons recherché des critères d'identification au niveau phénotypique (caractéristiques organoleptiques, morphologie des feuilles) et au niveau de l'ADN (isozymes, RAPD et ISSR). La diversité phénotypique observée est relativement élevée et contraste avec le faible polymorphisme moléculaire. En effet, seul le cultivar « Guerdane » présente des profils d'empreintes génétiques différents de ceux des deux autres cultivars. La fréquence des modifications génétiques serait donc variable d'un cultivar à un autre. Les marqueurs moléculaires spécifiques du cultivar « Guerdane » s'ajoutent aux marqueurs phénotypiques et étendent les possibilités d'identification aux jeunes plants en pépinière.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.