Relevance of the problem: to reduce the risk of postoperative complications in elderly and senile patients, OARIT is proposed to involve trained and informed relatives in the care and early rehabilitation. The aim of the work was to analyze the sources of ethical and legal regulation of the work of OARIT, a sociological survey of patients' relatives and the development of an educational program for their training on the basis of the clinic of anesthesiology and intensive care of the RKOD of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Tatarstan. Materials and methods. The legal basis for the work of OARIT in the Russian Federation was studied, a questionnaire was conducted of 35 relatives of OARIT patients using a specially developed questionnaire. In 2017–2019 185 volunteer relatives were trained, 32 patients received their additional care, after which the mental status of patients (Mini Mental State scale) and physical condition (presence of bedsores, enteral nutrition) were assessed. The results obtained: 71% of the respondents are sympathetic to the restrictions on communication with a patient in OARIT, 97% consider themselves ready to take part in caring for a sick relative, but 66% do not have such experience. Therefore, a 3-hour interactive training program was developed and tested for them. 185 volunteers were trained, and their trained relatives were allowed to care for 32 patients. Preliminary results: improvement of enteral nutrition, skin condition and mental status of patients. Conclusion: the proposed system of attracting volunteers from among the relatives of OARIT patients for the care and rehabilitation of patients creates a friendly atmosphere, provides a positive dynamics of physical and cognitive-emotional disorders.

Aim. To study the influence of the trained environment of geriatric onco-surgical patients on the quality of the interventions in the complex of early postoperative rehabilitation in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Methods. The 96 patients aged 73.37.1 years operated on in the emergency onco-surgery clinic of the Tatarstan Cancer Center of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Tatarstan between 2016 and 2020. Patients, similar in age and condition (American Society of Anaesthesiologists Physical Status category IIIE) were divided into three equal groups: the first group generally accepted measures for early rehabilitation were carried out by medical staff; the second group the prepared relatives of the patient was additionally involved in rehabilitation; the control group early rehabilitation was not carried out. The quality of nutritional support and measures to prevent pressure ulcers, cognitive function were assessed. Statistical processing was performed by using Microsoft Excel 2007 and IBM SPSS Statistics version 20 software. The statistical significance of data was determined by using the chi-square test at p 0.05. Results. The involvement of previously trained relatives made it possible to reduce the incidence of pressure ulcers grade IV to 0%. There was a significant difference in the volume of assimilated enteral oral feeding (180.620.8; 240.620.8; 80.510.2; p 0.05) and the serum albumin level by 11 days after surgery (26.81.5; 28.91.2; 24.21.1 g/L, respectively; p 0.05). Assimilation of enteral oral feeding improved 3 times compared with the control group and 1.5 times compared with the first group (p 0.05). Indicators of cognitive status by the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) on the 6th day were 23.31.1; 25.31.1; 21.21.2 (p 0.05), respectively. Conclusion. A rationally organized preparation of the patient's environment for the implementation of care, participation in rehabilitation measures and the prevention of complications can improve outcomes of medical intervention and reduce the incidence of postoperative complications.