Training volume in swimming is usually very high when compared to the relatively short competition time. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) has been demonstrated to improve performance in a relatively short training period. The main purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of a 5-week HIIT versus high-volume training (HVT) in 9–11-year-old swimmers on competition performance, 100 and 2,000 m time (T100 m and T2,000 m), VO2peak and rate of maximal lactate accumulation (Lacmax). In a 5-week crossover study, 26 competitive swimmers with a mean (SD) age of 11.5 ± 1.4 years performed a training period of HIIT and HVT. Competition (P < 0.01; effect size = 0.48) and T2,000 m (P = 0.04; effect size = 0.21) performance increased following HIIT. No changes were found in T100 m (P = 0.20). Lacmax increased following HIIT (P < 0.01; effect size = 0.43) and decreased after HVT (P < 0.01; effect size = 0.51). VO2peak increased following both interventions (P < 0.05; effect sizes = 0.46–0.57). The increases in competition performance, T2,000 m, Lacmax and VO2peak following HIIT were achieved in significantly less training time (~2 h/week).
High) intensity versus volume training in junior swimmersSummary: Training volume in swimming is usually very high compared to the relatively short competition time. Recent studies assessing high intensity training show similar physiological effects compared to high volume training. Studies comparing these effects in children are yet to be investigated. The aim of the study was to compare the effects of high intensity vs. high volume training in children. Methods In order to compare both training strategies, 27 children (age: 11.5 ± 1.6 years) were separated into two training groups (intensive vs. volume). Before and after the training intervention maximal oxygen uptake and power output at 4 mmol/L Lactate were assessed. All participants performed a 2 km-test, a 100 m test with logging of post lactate kinetics as well as 6 x 50 m-test in 50 m pool. Results: No statistical differences were found for any physiological variable between the groups. LEN-points from competition performance showed an increase of 9.0% for the volume group and 14.3 % for high intensity group. Discussion:The results indicate that high volume training is not necessarily beneficial as trainings strategy compared to high intensity training in swimming at the age of 10-12 years. In the present study high intensity training showed the same effects compared to high volume training achieved in less training time. This saving in time favors training contents such as technical and strength drills in the long term development of performance.Zusammenfassung: Ein Großteil des Ausdauertrainings wird im Schwimmsport im Gegensatz zur eigentlichen Wettkampfbelastung mit geringer Intensität und hohem Umfang absolviert. Dies wird in der Regel dadurch begründet, dass aerobes Training zu einer erhöhten Regenerationsfähigkeit bzw. Ermüdungswiderstandsfähigkeit im Sinne einer Verbesserung der sogenannten Grundlagenausdauer führt. Jüngste Studien zu (hoch-)intensivem Training bei Erwachsenen belegen jedoch, dass in entsprechend kürzerer Trainingszeit ähnliche physiologische Anpassungen im Vergleich zu umfangsorientiertem Training erreicht werden können. Das gilt auch für die aerobe Ausdauerleistungsfähigkeit, eben die Grundlagenausdauer. Wissenschaftliche Studien zu (hoch-)intensivem Training mit Kindern im Schwimmsport sind bislang nicht publiziert. Das Ziel der Studie war es deshalb, die Effekte von umfangs-versus intensitätsbetontem Schwimmtraining im Kindesalter zu vergleichen. Methoden: Zum Vergleich der beiden Trainingskonzepte wurde ein 5-wöchiges Schwimmtraining mit 27 Kindern (MW: 11,5 ± 1,6 Jahre) in zwei Trainingsgruppen (intensiv vs. umfangsorientiert) durchgeführt. Vor und nach der Trainingsintervention wurde die maximale Sauerstoffaufnahme sowie die Leistung bei 4 mmol/L Laktat bestimmt. Im 50m-Becken wurde ein 2 km-Test, ein 100 m-Sprint mit Erfassung der Nachbelastungslaktatkinetik sowie ein 6 x 50 m-Test durchgeführt. Ergebnisse: Keiner der erhobenen physiologischen Parameter zeigte signifikante Unterschiede sowohl zwischen den Trainingsgruppen ...
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