The information about selection of initial materials based on bentonite, brown coal and technical soot for obtaining new sorbents is presented in this article. Obtaining new efficient carbon sorbents based on local Angren brown coals, a study on their colloidal-chemical and adsorption properties, as well as the search for new areas of their effective practical application for the purification of industrial sewage from the chemical and metallurgical industries are great scientific and practical interest and are highly relevant. The creation of sorbents with such properties is associated with a large energy expenditure, which is performed using special equipment for heat treatment of the material. Thus, the aim of the study was both of finding ways not only to reduce the cost of production of activated carbons with the involvement of materials based on local raw materials, but also to reuse them with subsequent regeneration. Tо achieve this, preliminary studies of determinition the points of temperature differences during thermal decarbonization and activation of the initial materials-Angren coal, soot from shop N. 6 of Navoiazot JSC and bentonite from the Navbakhor deposit were carried out by thermogravimetric methods. It was found that the main optimal ratio of bentonite/coal was 1/2 at the temperature of 950 °C for 45 min, and the decarbonization degree of 19 %. The optimum parameter for burning out organic compounds in the soot composition is a temperature range from 520 to 1080 °С, where the maximum carbon burning out to 75 % is observed. Increasing the temperature of the sorbent heating to 700-1000 °С promotes the restructuring of the secondary structure of carbon of sorbate, stabilizes its properties, which simplifies its reactivation, especially in cases of a sorbate with a complex variable composition. The possibility of compatibility of the burning out parameters of two different types of compounds-Angren coal and bentonite from the Navbakhor deposit-is shown in order to obtain new hybrid types of sorbents that can be used for sewage treatment of industrial enterprises with their recycling usage in closed mode.

The article discusses the current problems of enrichment of low-grade phosphorites by the thermal method as well as the production of mineral fertilizers using various acids. An alternative biotechnological method for producing organomineral fertilizers using neutrophilic, heterotrophic microorganisms of activated sludge at a biochemical treatment station for municipal wastewater for the processing of low-grade phosphorites and the production of phosphorus-containing organomineral fertilizers is proposed.In this case, a natural acceleration of the processes of the phosphorus cycle in nature occurs, which does not pollute the environment. A comparative description of IR spectroscopic descriptions of the results of microbiological treatment and treatment with sulfuric and nitric acids showed distinctive characteristics of the appearance of functional groups, which showed the transfer of valuable phosphorus components during acid treatment to sediment and their irrevocable loss in the form of waste.The studies will serve the utilization of low-grade phosphorites unused in the production, the production of a new type of organomineral fertilizer using and recycling of human waste (in most countries, incinerated), will lead to a gradual improvement in the structural composition of soils.Human vital activity waste and low-grade phosphorites have zero cost, the applied technology of biochemical treatment of domestic wastewater is available in all major cities that can be used to enrich phosphorites with organic matter.

The article presents the results of the processing of coal from the Angren brown coal deposit. The Angren deposit is the largest source of brown coal in Uzbekistan. However, the ash content of coal in this field is not satisfactory for consumers of local and foreign markets. This necessitates the search for methods to improve the quality of coal. The feasibility of processing as a method of improving the quality of coal was justified by a brief review of foreign experience set forth in this paper. The authors presented the results of experiments on coal processing of the Angren deposit on depositing machines and a screw separator, according to which they were able to reduce the ash content of the initial product

This article addresses matters relating to the recycling of waste from the Kyzylkum phosphorite plant in the form of phosphorite slimes, the mass of which exceeds 3 million tons at present. The treatment of slime with sulfuric acid having the concentrations from 2 g/l to 40 g/l made it possible to determine the most optimal concentrations (up to 10 g/l), at which the salts of alkali and alkaline earth metals, uranium and other elements are separated. This method permits obtaining a richer fraction of the useful component, phosphorus(V) oxide (up to 19.1%). At the same time, the pH value of the medium remains in the neutral range. Mass spectroscopy showed that such treatment with sulfuric acid having the concentrations up to 10 g/l allows selectively dissolving carbonates without decomposing phosphates. IR spectra of phosphorite slime after acid treatment do not contain absorption bands characteristic of CO32– groups. In accordance with the obtained results, a low-cost technological scheme for the phosphorite slime utilization was developed, followed by its introduction into the production process without violating the main technological regulations. The enriched slime fraction corresponds in quality to the burdened phosphorite ore and can be used as an additional product.

Выходные данные статьи и справка о публикации: в день оплаты статьи Рассылка печатных журналов и оттисков: 05.12.2022