These findings suggest that knowledge, attitudes, and food behaviors of prospective teachers may be barriers to promoting healthy food habits to their future students. Further, prospective teachers would benefit from policies and programs that support healthy classroom practices and from compulsory nutrition education in the teacher training curriculum.

This is the first study to apply a THB grouping for Chinese Canadians. Results will provide an important basis for nutrition interventions to encourage immigrants to make healthy food choices, using both traditional and Western foods.

This study examined whether Canada's public pensions (Old Age Security and Canada Pension Plan) provided adequate income for seniors living in Nova Scotia in 2005 to afford a basic nutritious diet. Monthly incomes were compared to essential monthly expenses for four household scenarios: (a) married couple, 80 years and 78 years, in urban Nova Scotia; (b) single male, 77 years in rural Nova Scotia; (c) a couple, 70 years and 65 years, in rural Nova Scotia; (d) widowed female, 85 years, in urban Nova Scotia. The monthly food costs for the four households were CAN$313.32, $193.83, $316.71, and $150.89, respectively. Results showed that both single-member households lacked the necessary funds for a nutritious diet, while living with a partner seemed to protect against inadequate financial resources. These findings illustrate the need to improve Canada's retirement systems to ensure all seniors have adequate financial resources to meet their basic needs-including nutritious food-prevent chronic disease, and ultimately improve quality of life.

hose affected by food insecurity in Canada are disproportionately represented by low-income individuals and families. [1][2][3] According to the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS), 7.7% of households in Canada reported experiencing moderate or severe food insecurity in 2007/08. Approximately one third (32.5%) of households with incomes in the lowest income decile were food insecure. 3 These statistics raise particular public health concerns given the negative and interrelated impacts of food insecurity on many aspects of health, including child development, social inclusion and chronic illness. 4,5 Nova Scotia (NS) has consistently reported rates of food insecurity that are higher than the national average. 1,3 In 2007/08, 9.3% of Nova Scotians reported moderate or severe income-related food insecurity. 3 Rates of food insecurity among households relying on government social assistance programs are alarmingly high, and the inadequacy of such provincial programs in Canada has been consistently demonstrated in grey 6-9 and published literature. [10][11][12] At least 63.7% of food-insecure Nova Scotians named Income Assistance* (IA) (also referred to as "social assistance", "income support" and "welfare") as their main source of income in 2007/08 13 and 4.7% of all citizens in NS reported accessing IA in 2008 (J. Rathbun, December 2, 2011, personal communication). In addition, in 2010 about 50% of Nova Scotians accessing food banks were IA recipients. 14 Food costing has commonly been used to monitor the risk of food insecurity and identify vulnerable population groups. 15 Food

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to propose and introduce a new classification model to segment a nation’s cultural tourists based on their motivations to travel to a military music festival. Little research is apparent about the types of people, and their motivations, who attend these types of festivals. In addition, the research investigates the impact of military music festivals on the concepts of patriotism and national identity. Design/methodology/approach The research approach involves empirical testing of a Canadian audience attending the Royal Nova Scotia International Tattoo, a longstanding annual musical event held in Nova Scotia, Canada, that pays tribute to the country’s military heritage. A proposed classification model that includes two dimensions is applied, which investigates: motivation to attend the event and kinship to Canada’s military and naval traditions. Findings Findings provide a better understanding of the diversity of the Canadian cultural tourist audience attending a military music display in terms of tourists’ demographics, experience of the show and the desire to return. This research also provides new insights as to the ability of a military musical event to arouse emotions of national pride, patriotism and strengthen national identity. Originality/value This research is important to event sponsors and organizers of military music events as they attempt to maintain productivity and attendance growth in an increasingly competitive entertainment environment.