An expanding pin locks the pin assembly to its supports and bearings and prevents any relative movements between the surfaces in contact. In this study, the diameter changes of the bearing inner ring as a function of the expanding pin’s tightening torque were studied. In addition, the required rotational moment of a set of complete bearings locked to an expanding pin solution was studied by exposing the assembly to a combination of an increasing radially outwards directed load from the bolt torquing and a radially external inwards directed load from a hydraulic jack. The bearings were of type Radial Spherical Plain Bearings (RSPBs), GE 80 ES, steel/steel, and loaded externally up to their maximum dynamic limit of 400 kN. The results indicate a major reduction in the required rotation moment of the bearing when the bearing inner ring is expanded by use of an expanding pin. The reduction of rotation moment indicates reduced contact pressure and friction force between the two bearing rings, which ultimately can have a reduced effect on ring surface wear and a positive effect on the bearing operational lifetime.

Damaged support bores due to wear and ovality can be critical for a machine and its operation, in addition to representing a safety problem and risk of pin breakage. It can be a costly operation to perform the required repairs in between planned service periods, especially because of the unplanned down time. A joint with a standard cylindrical pin will often experience wear and ovality in the support bore surfaces, and at some point, repairs will have to be performed. This study investigates and compares five options when a joint with a cylindrical pin has reached a severe level of wear and ovality, outside its planned service stop. The work involved testing the viability of 3D scanning of the damaged bore surface, 3D printing of a metal bushing, and inserting the bushing into the damaged joint. In addition, two pin solutions, i.e., a standard cylindrical pin and an expanding pin type, were installed into the repaired joint, loaded, and the strain on the pin ends close to the supports was measured. For the sake of comparison, the supports had both smooth circular bore and severe wear and ovality. It was concluded that it is possible to produce and install the 3D-printed bushing insert without major problems; the insert had satisfactory capability during test loading, and it most probably represents a good solution when it comes to the reduction in unwanted downtime during unplanned repairs of damaged joints.

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