BackgroundIdiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a disorder with increased intracranial pressure of obscure cause. Patients with IIH may suffer from difficulty in thinking or concentrating. This work aimed at highlighting the neurophysiologic suggestions of cognitive impairment in IIH patients.MethodsTwenty patients with IIH—and a similar number of matched control subjects—were examined in this case–control study. The P300 and contingent negative variation (CNV) were performed. Results from both groups were compared.ResultsThere were significant lower means of P300 amplitude and CNV amplitude (early and late response) in patients than in controls. Also, there were significant delayed latencies of P300 and CNV in patients than in normal control subjects. Finally, P300 latency was correlated to mini-mental state examination.ConclusionsWe concluded that cognitive affection in IIH is well appreciated at neurophysiologic levels and is related to clinical inputs. We are providing a suggestion of the significant relation between clinical screening (i.e., mini-mental state examination) and NP screening (i.e., P300) of cognitive functions.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s41983-018-0010-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Background: Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a disorder of unknown etiology. Goals of treatment are to preserve vision and alleviate symptoms, including intractable headache, pulsatile tinnitus, and nausea. Cognition is not addressed routinely during clinical evaluation of IIH patients. Objective: The current study was designed to test whether there is cognitive impairment in IIH patients or not and to evaluate the nature and characteristics of cognitive functions in these patients. Methods: A case-control study conducted on 40 subjects; 20 with IIH and 20 healthy controls. Patients underwent full clinical and neurological examination as well as cognitive testing using eight psychometric tests. Results: Patients with IIH performed significantly worse than controls in multiple cognitive domains (p value ≤ 0.05). Deficits were most pronounced in working memory, executive functions, visuospatial functions, attention, and processing speed. Conclusions: Patients with IIH have significant cognitive impairment, particularly in executive functions and memory. All domain measures showed a statistically significant difference from normal individuals, indicating that there is a form of multidomain cognitive impairment in IIH. The relationship between cognitive impairment and chronically elevated intracranial pressure and its role in contributing to patient morbidity should be considered.

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