Although high altitude UAVs flying are capable of operating continuously for a long time, low altitude UAVs are still wanted as they are more efficient to gather close-range information (Lin, 2008; Savla et al., 2008). Usually, low altitude UAVs have several abilities such as on-site information gathering, target classification, photogrammetric survey, or audio broadcasting and with these abilities, low altitude long endurance UAVs maybe become more effective for disaster prevention and relief. At the beginning of the last century, the first contacts with turbulence modelling emerged which was before the invention of the first computer. One of the forerunners was Prandtl who published his mixing-length hypothesis in 1925 (FAA, 2015). It was far from the modern models, but as all the calculations were done by hands, the prime concentration was to alleviate the number of operations as many as possible. Right after the Second World War, the first computers got familiar with the intention of scientific research. A new interest in turbulence modelling emerged in the same period due to the development of jet engines, supersonic aircraft, and some other technologies which required more accurate simulations. Several turbulence models were manifested during the period of 1940s-1960s. These were the first attempts of accurate prediction of near-wall layer turbulence flows. But it was the beginning of the 1970s when the modern turbulence models were invented. The prime acquisition was the invention of the parent 3 equation model by Hanjalic and Launder (1972) and then the original 2 equation k-ɛ model by Launder and Spalding (1974). There were some limitations found in the latter model such as inaccurate prediction of low Reynolds near-wall flows. The first 1 V and A: Comparative Study on the Prediction of Aerodynamic Characteristics of Mini-UAV with Turbulence Models
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