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Aim:Evaluation of bilateral ureteroscopic retrieval of stones as a single-stage procedure in terms of clearance of the stones, complications of the procedure and duration of hospital stay. A successful outcome was considered when both ureters were free of stones without any major complications.Materials and Methods:A total of 60 patients with bilateral ureteric stones were treated ureteroscopically from March 2006 to September 2009 in the department of Surgery (Urology unit). Majority of the patients were in their third and fourth decade of life with 38 males and 22 females. A single session bilateral ureteroscopic retrieval of stones was done using a 7.8 Fr semirigid ureteroscope. A 0.038-inch guide wire was used and advanced under direct vision, and monitored by C-arm X-ray image intensifier. Balloon dilatation of the intramural ureters was required in 82 renal units. The stones were either extracted directly or disintegrated into small pieces by lithotripsy (pneumatic) before extraction. Ureteric stenting was required in 39 patients. Patients were followed for a period of 3-12 months.Results:A total of 60 patients (120 renal units) with bilateral ureteric stones were treated ureteroscopically. The stone size in the treated patients was in the range 6-20 mm. The stones were radio-opaque in 47 patients and radiolucent in 13 patients. Single stone was present in all except two patients. Operative time ranged between 40 and 120 minutes. Stones were completely removed in 51 (85%) patients following single-session procedure of which 39 (76.4%) were stonefree intraoperatively and another 12 (23.5%) were cleared of the stones in 4 weeks follow-up. Six patients were stonefree unilaterally. Failed procedures were managed with repeated ureteroscopy, DJ stenting and ESWL or open ureterolithotomy. Intraoperatively false passage or minor ureteric perforations were seen in six patients. Postoperative complications included abdominal pain in 10, persistent fever in 4 and hematuria in 2 patients. No long-term complications were observed. Most of the patients were discharged in 2 days.Conclusion:Bilateral same-session ureteroscopy is a safe and effective procedure in the management of bilateral ureteral stones. The results are comparable to unilateral or staged bilateral procedures.

Distributional properties of the order statistics, upper and lower record statistics have been utilized to characterize distributions of interest. Further, one sided random dilation and contraction are utilized to obtain the distribution of non-adjacent ordered statistics and also their important deductions are discussed.

Introduction: Prostate gland involved by a no. of benign and malignant diseases is a common cause of morbidity and mortality in the elderly men. The present study was an attempt to understand the histopathological spectrum of prostatic lesions in the specimens received by a tertiary care hospital.Material and Methods: 433 cases of prostatic specimens including TURP chips, TRUS guided biopsies and Prostatic specimens received in the Department of Pathology, Government Medical College Srinagar were included in the present study. There were 344 needle biopsies and 82 TURP chips. All the specimens were fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin and thin sections were stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin stain (H&E stain). Relevant clinical data including age, the presenting complaints and S.PSA values in suspected cases of carcinoma prostate were recorded.Results: A total of 433 prostate specimens were received during the period of three years. The specimens included 344 TURP chips and 82 TRUS guided biopsies. 7 prostectomy specimens were also included. The age of the patients varied from 42 years to 89 years. There were 380 benign cases and 53 malignant cases. The most common presenting feature was increased frequency of micturition followed by difficulty in starting and stopping the stream of urine. Among benign lesions the most frequent histopathologi cal entity observed was benign nodular hyperplasia. The most common age of presentation was the sixth to seventh decade of life. Almost all neoplasms of the prostate were prostatic adenocarcinomas with most of the cases seen in the sixth to seventh decade of life with another peak in the seventh to eight decade of life. Conclusion:A variety of benign and malignant lesions are seen in prostatic specimens. These need to be differentiated and classified. Benign nodular hyperplasia is the most common benign lesion and prostatic adenocarcinoma is the most common malignant lesion of Prostate. Perineural invasion is a significant finding and guide. Serum PSA is a useful adjunct in cases where the values are higher.

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