Bronchogenic carcinoma is one among the leading causes of death in males in India and globally. Multidetector row Computed Tomography is a non-invasive technique for evaluation of bronchogenic carcinoma. Aims and objections: To document imaging characteristics of various histopathological cell types of bronchogenic carcinoma by MDCT and to correlate with histopathology. A prospective study was done on 60 patients with clinical or radiological suspicion of bronchogenic carcinoma undergoing MDCT. The final diagnosis was established by histopathology. Study duration was for 2 years from January 2013 to December 2014. Results: MDCT is a promising tool in evaluation of bronchogenic carcinoma. Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common histological celltype, closely followed by adenocarcinoma. Hilar mass was the predominant presentation followed by lung mass.

Early diagnosis of biliary tract tumors is important in accurate staging, to choose the best possible treatment and improve their prognosis. Multidetector row Computed Tomography is an ideal method to evaluate patients with suspected biliary tract obstruction and thereby biliary tract malignancy. Aims and Objective: To evaluate the accuracy of Multidetector row Computed Tomography (MDCT) in evaluation of level of obstruction and to study the imaging features of various causes of biliary tract malignancy. Material and Method: MDCT of 40 patients with clinically suspicion of biliary tract obstruction were prospectively reviewed and only malignant causes were included in the study. Final diagnosis was based on endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, surgical and histopathological diagnosis. The MDCT diagnosis and final diagnosis was compared for level and imaging features of malignant lesions. Results: The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and diagnostic accuracy of MDCT in determining the level of malignant obstruction is 100%, 83.33%, 97.77%, 100%, 98%, and cause of malignant obstruction is 97.73%, 83.33%, 97.72%, 83.33%, 96%. MDCT with its high sensitivity and specificity values plays an essential role in the diagnosis of malignant tumors of biliary tract and for the evaluation of therapeutic options. Conclusion: MDCT has a vital role to play in biliary tract malignancy with its high degree of accuracy in establishing the level of obstruction and in defining the imaging features of the malignant lesions.

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Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignant tumours in the digestive tract and is the second most common cause of cancer-related death worldwide. The incidence in India is 7-8 cases per 100,000 persons per year and it is the most common cancer in males in Chennai. The aim of the present study was to compare Ultrasonography (USG) and MDCT findings in the detection and staging of gastric carcinoma by correlating with histopathology. Material and methods: Data were collected from 30 cases of clinically suspected/proven cases of gastric carcinoma that were referred to the Department of Radiodiagnosis for Ultrasonography and MDCT. Ultrasound examination was performed using a real time ultrasound with curvilinear transducer of 2-5 MHz and linear transducer of 7-10 MHz with ingestion of boiled cooled water. Plain and contrast MDCT study was performed in all the cases. The comparative study of ultrasonography and MDCT in diagnosing and staging of gastric carcinoma were analysed. Results: The accuracy in detection of gastric carcinoma by USG was 80% (24/30 cases) and MDCT was 87% (26/30 cases), with p value of < 0.01 which is significant, which shows CT is better modality for diagnosing gastric carcinoma. For T staging, the efficacy of MDCT and USG was 90% (27/30 cases) and 80% (24/30 cases) respectively. For nodal status, the accuracy of CT is 73.3 %(22/30 cases) and USG is 63.3 %(19/30 cases). For distant metastasis, accuracy was same with USG and CT (70%, 27/30 cases). But when both the modalities are combined, the efficacy improves for diagnosing and staging gastric carcinoma by 93% with P<0.05. The anastomosis degree of the gastric carcinoma between enhanced CT and ultrasonography was κ=0.404 Conclusion: Overall USG and Multi-detector row CT with combined water and air distention can improve the accuracy of preoperative staging of gastric cancer. Comprehensive imaging of US and MDCT is helpful to improve the accuracy of detection and staging of gastric carcinoma.