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Background: Hysterectomy is the most common gynecological surgery done in the females worldwide as it provides definitive cure to a wide range of gynecological diseases, both benign and malignant. The indications to perform this major surgery should always be justified and the pathology should be proved histopathologically. Histopathological analysis and review is mandatory to evaluate the appropriateness of the hysterectomy.Methods: A retrospective, longitudinal study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, UMAID Hospital, Dr. S.N. M.C. Jodhpur (Raj.) during October 2014 to March 2015.Total 105 cases were studied during this period. The study included all women undergoing planned abdominal hysterectomy. Data was recorded on proformas, including demographic characteristics and clinical features. Hysterectomy specimens were saved in 10% formalin and sent to the Department of Pathology. Histopathology reports were analyzed and compared with the indications of surgery to draw various informative conclusions.Results: Of 105 cases, 55(52.38%) were in the age group of 41 – 50, which comprised the commonest age group undergoing the surgery. Maximum women (95%) those underwent hysterectomy were multiparous. Most common preoperatively clinical diagnosis was leiomyoma uterus which was diagnosed clinically and sonographically in 51(48.57%) cases. On Histopathological examination, the commonest pathology, similar to clinical impression, was found to be Leiomyoma at 50.48% (n = 53). Adenomyosis (21.90%) was detected as Second most common pathology. Histopathological confirmation of pre-operative diagnosis was 89% for malignancy, 96% for fibroids, 100% for adenomyosis, 100% for pelvic inflammatory disease.Conclusions: There was a high correlation when the clinical diagnosis was a fibroid, adenomyosis and ovarian mass. Every hysterectomy specimen should be subjected to histopathological examination because it is mandatory for conforming diagnosis and ensuring optimal management, in particular of malignant disease.

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BACKGROUNDBy definition breech presentation means foetal buttocks or the podalic pole of foetus is the presenting part, with sacrum being the denominator. Most newborns are born with cephalic presentation, but at the end of pregnancy around 2.5%-3% are found to be breech Before the end of pregnancy, the breech presentation is much more common about 20% of babies at 28 weeks are breech and 15% at 32 weeks. Caesarean section for breech presentation has been suggested as a way of reducing the associated perinatal problems in many institutions. . Studying breech presentation from the aspect of incidence, aaetiology, type along with maternal & perinatal outcome. RESULTSDuring given period there were 6153 deliveries. The study consisted of 172 cases of breech delivery out of them there were 106 term and preterm constituted 66 cases. Most women belonged to 21-25 years of age group. Prevalence of breech delivery in this study was 2.79% Breech presentation was more common in multipara having an incidence of 56.4%, while 43.6% were primiparas. Vaginal delivery occurred in 52.90% cases while caesarean section was done in 47.09% cases. CONCLUSIONThe present study confirms the higher association of breech presentation with multiparity. Various aetiological factors observed for breech presentation are -prematurity, oligohydramnios, polyhydramnios, placenta previa and foetopelvic disproportion. Perinatal morbidity and mortality was increased. Vaginal breech delivery is associated with increased perinatal morbidity and mortality than abdominal delivery. So, when the stakes are this much high one has to choose between the maternal risk of caesarean section and foetal risk of vaginal delivery to arrive at final decision.

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