Generally, the study on mosque architecture focuses partly on classifying mosque forms or exploring the historical, socio-cultural, and political meanings behind the architectural design of mosques. This study puts forward a new concept of an interesting relationship between the needs of Islamic ritual activities and the wants of certain traditions that underlie the diversity of mosque architectural forms in Indonesia. Therefore, the search for these two essential aspects of mosque architecture is important to position the diversity of mosque architectural forms in the context of architectural design that continues to evolve. In line with these issues, this study analyzes the concepts of needs and wants that underlie the design of traditional, and contemporary mosques in West Java. The analysis process is carried out by comparing ideograms that represent the concept of the need for Islamic fiqh-based ritual activities, with typograms that represent the elements of the scope and mosque space in the study cases. Furthermore, the analysis results show that the expression of the architectural form of the mosque in each case study is more influenced by the wants of the pious congregation and the personal wants of the architect.

Humans are homo religiosus with a natural desire that there is an absolute power beyond reasoning which makes them "existent". This is observed from their religious behaviors as well as the continuous increase in their spirituality. Humans have a basic need to worship according to their religious orders and the construction of mosques is considered the fulfillment of the main needs of Muslims to conduct their prayers. The diversity of mosque forms in West Java showed that there is a mutually influencing relationship between the basic need for space to accommodate prayer rituals which tend to be dogmatic and the human desire to appreciate architectural elements of mosques as a form of contextual and dynamic spirituality enhancement. The comparison between the needs and desires in mosque architecture as indicated in previous studies was used as the main reference to understand the dynamics of the meaning in mosque architecture in order to produce new meaning reading diagrams. This was achieved through three main stages with the first being the re-description of the ideograms and typograms pairing in each mosque from the previous studies, the second is the identification of keywords that form the basis of thought for architects, users, and organizers as a series of triangulation processes to reveal new meanings and functions in the case study of mosques, and the third is the placement of the results of the analysis on the Function-Form-Meaning diagram to produce a new meaning reading diagram to identify the dynamics of meaning in mosque architecture in West Java. The contribution of this study is to enrich the theory and method of the meaning process in mosque architecture as well as to serve as a guide for architectural practitioners in designing mosques.

Keberadaan Desa Bejiharjo yang memiliki potensi budaya dan alam masih sangat kurang dan terbatas dari aspek pengelolaan dan penyusunan data kawasan, lingkungan dan bangunan baik aspek fisik maupun non fisik, khususnya dalam upaya mendukung pengembangan desa yang masih membutuhkan penanganan secara komprehensif. Tujuan kajian ini mengevaluasi kondisi eksisting Desa Bejiharjo untuk memberikan rekomendasi rancangan bagi pengembangan desa Bejiharjo menjadi desa wisata mandiri. Metoda pendokumentasian yang dilakukan dibagi dalam 3 (tiga) tahap. Tahap pertama merupakan dokumentasi literatur yang dikaji dan dijadikan dasar untuk menggali potensi dan permasalahan di Desa Bejiharjo. Tahap kedua adalah survey dan wawancara, baik dengan perangkat desa maupun dengan masyarakat. Tahap ketiga adalah mengkaji dan memilah hasil survey dan wawancara, sebagai landasan untuk merancang kawasan desa wisata mandiri. Manfaat kajian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan rekomendasi berupa rancangan tatanan Kawasan desa mandiri. Kajian ini juga dapat dijadikan dasar atau pedoman dalam menyusun metoda pendokumentasian arsitektural dalam mendukung dalam penyusunan dasar masterplan yang merupakan salah satu strategi dalam pengembangan kawasan Desa Bejiharjo menjadi desa wisata mandiri budaya.

The Covid-19 pandemic has caused drastic changes in everyday life in Indonesia, including Muslim religious activities facilitated by mosques. A mosque is intended to accommodate all worshipping activities that can provide benefits not only for congregants performing activities within, but also for communities and the environment around the mosque. One thing that remains constant in terms of the main functions of mosques is the accommodation of praying (salat) activities. In the times of Covid-19 pandemic, the implementation of rules concerning compulsory congregational prayers should be adjusted according to health protocols to minimize the spread of the coronavirus, especially the parts related to interpersonal space between individuals. This study intends to capture the dynamics of perception regarding interpersonal spaces according to congregants performing congregational prayers in the mosque. This study applies behavior mapping and questionnaire to collect data concerning the dynamics of perception regarding interpersonal spaces from Salman Mosque in Bandung. This study identifies the difference, in terms of congregational prayers, between how congregants perceive their interpersonal space differs from how they apply interpersonal distance. The difference is mostly influenced by self-interpretation concerning religious and/or government rules rather than total compliance to religious leaders and/or government instructions.