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The penetration of digital technologies in the field of human sciences requires the use of more diverse teaching methods and techniques. Electronic educational resources (EER), which include a whole range of educational materials, allow varying the forms of teaching and contribute to improving the quality of education. This study analyses international experience in the development and implementation of EER and offers a practical description for organizing electronic teacher education with the bachelor's degree programmes. We tried to consider the specificity of using e-learning in the field of human sciences, specifically history. The study describes original development of electronic educational resources that have effectively proven themselves when working with students: the Eureka forum, creating a database project, text analysis of academic articles and creating a digest of scientific research on the problem. The study offers e-learning techniques that allow in a digital environment to preserve the traditional learning model – lecture-and-book model. To determine the impact of the e-learning, we conducted a survey among 98 students to evaluate the degree of involvement in the e-learning process and to obtain an assessment of its use in teaching practice. The study results can be practically used for creating new electronic educational resources focusing on distance education.

The article is devoted to the study of the history of сhildhood in the merchant families of the Russian Empire in the second half of the 19 th-early 20 th century. A child in a merchant's family had a separate status, which was determined by a number of characteristics. The temporal characteristics include the age stages of the virginity period (infant, preschooler, school student) and a special "children's" daily routine. The category of space was expressed in the presence of conditional boundaries separating the children's world from the world of adults: the space of the children's room, the children's area at the family table, places for children's games in the garden. The allocation of children's space performed several functions at once: protective (protecting children from injuries, sources of illness), dividing: highlighting the boundaries between members of the same family, as if identifying among them those who are able to make independent decisions and be responsible for their actions (adults) and those in need of care and custody (children). The child in the family of a merchant had his own world with toys, children's dishes, furniture and clothes. Finally, childhood was accompanied by a special world of things, in which cultural meanings inherent in a given family, merchant class, country, and historical era were consolidated. As the main sources for illustrating each of the named characteristics, the author has chosen the memories of the childhood of two representatives of the merchant families T. Karson and S. Durylin. Memories written by a man and a woman, on the one hand, make it possible to reveal the specifics of the female or male perception of the children's world, on the other, to determine the basic cultural characteristics inherent in childhood in merchant families.

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