BackgroundConstipation is a common problem among older people. This study aimed to explore how older patients experience constipation and which strategies they used in handling the condition before and during hospitalization.MethodsA qualitative exploratory research design was used. Fourteen semi-structured interviews were conducted with patients (61–91 years of age) during hospitalization. Data were analyzed by using content analysis.ResultsThemes concerning experiences were Bodily signs and symptoms of constipation; the participants described severe pain during constipation, as well as pronounced relief after bowel movements, Impact on well-being and social activities; being constipated negatively impacted their mood and limited social activities, Striving for bowel balance; the participants experienced an ongoing strive for balancing between constipation and diarrhea. Themes related to strategies were Struggling to find a solution; they were aware of different strategies to prevent and treat constipation, though the most common solution described was the use of laxatives, Wait and see; the participants were awaiting to take action until they experienced constipation symptoms, Constipation is a private problem being challenged during hospitalization; constipation was considered a private issue rarely discussed with health-care professionals.ConclusionThis study illuminates the need for health-care professionals to be attentive to this issue and initiate the conversation with patients in order to advise on the management of constipation.

Highlights the need for standardised oral health assessments of acutely hospitalised patients, which should begin as soon as the patient's condition allows. Without these oral health assessments, a number of oral problems may not be detected and may increase in severity.

Oral health is increasingly important in relation to illness prevention, treatment and rehabilitation. The aim of this study was to test interrater reliability nurses in-between of Revised Oral Assessment Guide (ROAG) among patients acutely admitted to hospital with a medical condition. All patients were assessed twice. Percent agreement and Cohen's Kappa coefficient was calculated. Substantial differences were found between observers' ratings. If ROAG is to be implemented, it must be preceded for example by specific education, visual guidance or selection of most important elements in the screening tool.

The study highlights the need to develop both clinical guidelines towards treating constipation, and preventive measures to ensure that patients do not become constipated while staying in hospital.