The effect of CuO addition on the phase composition of clinker and the Cu incorporation into the structure of clinker phases was monitored under laboratory conditions. Separate synthesized CuO‐doped clinker phases as well as clinkers with different CuO content up to 4 wt.% were characterized by XRD, optical and electron microscopy with EDS analysis. It has been found that Cu tends to form a separate phase or a double oxide with Ca and incorporates in the clinker phases to a limited extent, except for C4AF. With increasing CuO content in clinker, its phase composition changes, and the size of alite crystals increases.

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The mineralising effect of CuO on microstructure and phase composition of SO 3doped clinker was studied by a combination of phase analysis, light and scanning electron microscopy and QXRD. Results show proportionally higher C 4 AF content in clinker interstitial matter due to CuO doping. CuO also lowers the SO 3 incorporation in main clinker phases C 3 S and C 2 S. Observation in back-scattered electrons revealed that Cu crystallises mainly as a Cu-rich phase in the clinker interstitial matter and inclusions in crystals of C 2 S with distorted structure. CuO partially inhibits the incorporation of Fe 2 O 3 in C 2 S.

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The aim of this research is the maximum use of waste as a substitute for primary sources in cement mortars. In the experimental work, recycled concrete and waste mineral fibers were used to substitute the filler. Effects of different aggregate replacement ratios (5, 15, and 25%) on the resulting mortar properties were investigated. The application of waste materials resulted in a decrease in compressive and tensile strengths; on the contrary, a very favorable effect was recorded when monitoring the thermal insulation properties and frost resistance. The results of experimental work have shown that the waste materials used can be a full-fledged alternative to natural aggregates.