The VIPS model for the documentation of nursing care in patient records was scientifically developed and published in 1991, with the aim of supporting the systematic documentation of nursing care and promoting individualized care. As the model seemed to be accepted and used in many parts of Sweden, a study was conducted in order to gather further information on the validity of the model, to describe the clinical and educational experience of its use and to refine it. Experience of the use of the model was gathered from a review of the scientific papers and other reports on it, from questionnaires addressed to nurses (n = 514), from comments by key informants, and from interviews with faculty members at all the nursing schools in the country. The findings showed that an intense process of change and development was occurring regarding nursing documentation. However, there were limitations in the use of the entire nursing process, especially in the specification of patient problems and the formulation of nursing diagnoses and nursing interventions. The keywords (Swedish spelling) of the VIPS model had good content validity in different areas of nursing care. The findings also indicated the need for further elaboration and revision of some of the keywords. A revised version of the VIPS model based on these findings is presented.

This study aimed to evaluate the longitudinal effects of a nursing-documentation intervention on the quantity and quality of the nursing documentation in a sample of patient records at a university hospital in Stockholm, Sweden. In this quasi-experimental longitudinal study, two hospital wards participated in a 2-year intervention and a third ward was used for comparison. The intervention consisted of organizational changes and education regarding nursing documentation in accordance with the VIPS model, a model designed to structure nursing documentation. To evaluate the effect, patient records were audited at three different time points: before the intervention, directly after the intervention and 3 years after the intervention. A total of 269 patient records were used. The findings showed a significant score increase in quantity as well as in quality of the nursing documentation, in the intervention wards directly after the intervention, as compared with those from the comparison ward. The results suggests that a comprehensive intervention based on the VIPS model and including organizational support for registered nurses (RN) may improve nursing documentation in an acute care hospital setting.

Objectives-To develop, validate, and test the reliability of an audit instrument that measures the extent to which patient records describe important aspects of nursing care. Material-Twenty records from each of three hospital wards were collected and audited. The auditors were registered nurses with a knowledge of nursing documentation in accordance with the VIPS model-a model designed to structure nursing documentation. (VIPS is an acronym formed from the Swedish words for wellbeing, integrity, prevention, and security.) Methods-An audit instrument was developed by determining specific criteria to be met. The audit questions were aimed at revealing the content of the patient for nursing assessment, nursing diagnosis, planned interventions, and outcome. Each of the 60 records was reviewed by the three auditors independently and the reliability of the instrument was tested by calculating the inter-rater reliability coeYcient. Content validity was tested by using an expert panel and calculating the content validity ratio. The criterion related validity was estimated by the correlation between the score of the Cat-ch-Ing instrument and the score of an earlier developed and used audit instrument. The results were then tested by using Pearson's correlation coeYcient. The patient record is a principal source of information in which the nursing documentation of patient care is an essential part. Traditionally, nurses have written down their performance of the medical interventions or observations ordered by the physician. The rationale behind this was to show that the instructions had been adhered to and to inform other nurses or physicians. Results-TheRecently, the nursing profession has moved towards a more independent practice with a clear recognition of nursing care. With increasing recognition of these nursing components the documentation of nursing care must include not only timely and accurate recording of the performed interventions-medical and nursing-but also the decision process, explaining and evaluating why a specific nursing action was chosen.In 1967, Yura and Walsh first described the nursing process model (fig 1) as a structured, problem solving approach to nursing practice and its evaluation.1 This process originally contained four steps: assessment, planning, implementation, and evaluation. In a later version, the nursing diagnosis was included. The nursing process model is a central and widely accepted concept, 2 both for nursing practice and documentation. The nursing process model is based on the scientific approach of investigation and goal oriented action. The primary purpose of the model is to relate individualised nursing care to the individual patient rather than generalised care based on routines.The nursing care plan is an essential tool in the delivery of modern nursing care. The care plan is a document containing the three nuclear parts of the nursing process model: a nursing diagnosis, describing the problem or need; the aim of the nursing care; and the interventions that have be...