ResumenEl nacimiento prematuro es un problema que se presenta a nivel mundial, con mayor prevalencia en los países de ingresos bajos. Los sujetos con esta condición pueden presentar problemas conductuales y emocionales, enfermedades de carácter físico y deficiencias en las diferentes funciones cognitivas. Debido a la vulnerabilidad de dicha población, diversas disciplinas, especialmente la neuropsicología, se han interesado en generar conocimiento sobre la incidencia de la prematurez en el desarrollo neuropsicológico infantil que permita la creación de estrategias de intervención centradas en el adecuado neurodesarrollo. El objetivo de este artículo es contribuir al conocimiento a través de la revisión de la literatura existente con respecto a las alteraciones neuropsicológicas derivadas de la condición de nacimiento prematuro.Palabras clave: Prematurez, Neuropsicología, Memoria, Funciones ejecutivas, Conducta, Lenguaje. AbstractPremature birth is a problem that occurs worldwide, with more prevalent in low-income countries. Individuals with this condition may have behavioral problems, emotional, physical character diseases and deficiencies in the different cognitive functions. Because the vulnerability of this population, various disciplines, especially neuropsychology, have been interested in generating knowledge about the impact of prematurity on child neuropsychological development that allows the creation of intervention strategies focused on neurodevelopmental appropriate . The aim of this article is to contribute to knowledge through review of existing literature with respect to neuropsychological alterations derived from the condition of premature birth.
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