Newcastle disease is one of the most critical disease in poultry and wild birds, largely due to its high morbidity and mortality, as well as its worldwide distribution and threat of considerable economic losses to avian industries caused by Newcastle disease virus (NDV). The NDV can cause clinical signs varying from subclinical infections to 100% mortality, depending on the susceptibility of the host and the virulence of the virus. The virus is classified into velogenic (viscerotropic velogenic and neurotropic velogenic), mesogenic and lentogenic. The objectives of this study was to design a peptide vaccine using immunoinformatics approaches. In total, 12 NDV fusion proteins retrieved from NCBI database were aligned to determine the conservancy and candidate epitopes were analysed by predictions tools from Immune Epitope Database. Then the 3D structure of the conserved region was modelled using the Swiss Model and aligned using PyMol software. Two epitopes were predicted as a peptide vaccine for B cell (DKAVNVYTSSQT and NMPKDKEACAKAPLEA). This is a preliminary study of designing an epitope-based peptide vaccine against NDV, and we recommend further study to identify the interaction between these peptides with T cells and antibodies.

This study aimed to determine the mutation of amino acid, nucleotide homology, phylogenetic tree, epitope prediction of Hemagglutinin-Neuraminidase protein Newcastle Disease (ND) Virus isolated from traditional market around Surabaya. Samples were from 37 chicken with cloacal swab and one positive samples for control (LaSota). Samples were inoculated on embyonate chicken eggs and identified with HA test confirmed with HI test. Positive samples processed by PCR using forward and reverse primer with 503 bp RNA target. The PCR result then analyzed with sequencing. Result of sequencing analysis showed that theres similiarity between samples amino acid and vaccine isolate its effect the percentage of nucleotide homology and phylogenetic relation between isolate. Epitope NGAANNSGWGAPIHDPDYIGG have high immunogenic value at all of isolate which good as vaccine candidate.