Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the general public must comply with health protocols and adopt new habits as this disease spreads through droplets and enters the respiratory tract through the nose and mouth. Meanwhile, water penetration into the nasal cavity (istinsyaq) and out (istintsar) during ablution corresponds to the nasal rinse and gargling methods, which prevents the mechanical and chemical attachment of viruses. This article discusses the role of Islamic-based nasal rinse and gargling in the prevention of COVID-19 infection.Various solutions such as plain water, saline, povidone-iodine, and antiseptics have chemical effects. Gargling and nasal rinse mechanically and chemically wash the mucosal surface in the mouth and nose to prevent the attachment of virus and other pathogens. Mechanically, the difference in concentration causes water to move outside the cell by osmosis, reducing mucus secretion and releasing the virus. Meanwhile, a chemical mechanism occurs when the free iodine in povidone-iodine oxidizes fatty acids and damages the virus cell walls and the respiratory chain of cytosolic enzymes, hence preventing inflammation of the host cell. However, the choice of liquid type, concentration, duration, and frequency of use still need to be considered to prevent side effects.

Background: Coronavirus is a large family of viruses that can cause disease from mild to severe symptoms. COVID-19 attacks people of all ages including vulnerable groups such as pregnant women. Numbers of previous researches on the coronavirus, (SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV), stated that pregnant women have a higher risk of severe disease, morbidity, and mortality compared to the general population. However, there are only a few studies on COVID-19's relationship with pregnancy and childbirth. Methods: This research used a literature review method. Sources of literature data were obtained from PubMed, Ebsco and Proquest taken from 2019-2020. Results: The results of the research based on 7 articles. The results showed that there was no difference in the signs and symptoms experienced by pregnant women with Covid-19 infection when compared to the general population. Until today, a number of studies have been conducted to determine the vertical transmission of COVID-19 from mother to fetus. Conclusions: A number of samples such as umbilical cord blood, amniotic fluid, neonatal throat swab, breast milk, and vaginal secretions were taken for examination and showed negative results. Maternal-fetal transmission of COVID-19 was undetected in the majority of reported cases. Yet, careful pregnancy monitoring with COVID-19 and steps to prevent neonatal infection is still needed. Mothers who are infected are at a higher risk of having severe respiratory complications.

During the pandemic, drug misuse in adolescents has many cases in the Jakarta area. BNN data shows Jakarta is in second place in 2020 with a total of 5,885 drug cases, and in 2021, as many as 4,749 patients. Information from the Kembangan Police that every month they have two drug cases, and the Kembangan Police have conducted counseling, but teenagers still fall into drug use. This study aims to determine the factors related to efforts to prevent drug misuse in adolescents in North Kembangan Sub-district in 2022. This study is cross-sectional with an accidental sampling technique on 310 adolescents in North Kembangan Village. The results of the bivariate analysis showed that there was a relationship between efforts to prevent drug misuse and gender (POR=0.427; 95% CI=0.427-0.705), education level (POR=47.131; 95% CI=14.015-158.494), knowledge (POR=0.067; 95% CI=0.022-204), attitude (POR=7.233; 4.196-12.469), family support (POR=9.960; 95% CI=5.551-17.871), and community environment (POR=1.765; 95% CI=1.065 -2,927). Multivariate analysis revealed that the level of adolescent education (POR=11.757; 95% CI=3.179-43.478) was the dominant factor. The government, institutes, schools, and the local area are expected to continue to carry out educational activities related to the threats of drugs. This is to seek promotive and preventive behavior for adolescents to avoid drug abuse.