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Titanium alloys are advanced structural materials for numerous key engineering applications in medicine (implants), aerospace, marine structures, and many other areas. The novel aspects of application potential for titanium alloys are as a result of their unique properties such as high corrosion resistance, high specific strength, low elastic modulus, high elasticity, and high hardness. This chapter examines the modern methods for production of titanium alloys. The goal of this chapter is to show the process engineers the current methods for production of titanium alloys necessary for modern applications. The chapter also presents the future methods of production for titanium and titanium alloys to meet the future demands of titanium and titanium alloys' products.

The cold spray coating process involves many process parameters which make the process very complex, and highly dependent and sensitive to small changes in these parameters. This results in a small operational window of the parameters. Consequently, mathematical optimization of the process parameters is key, not only to achieving deposition but also improving the coating quality. This study focuses on the mathematical identification and experimental justification of the optimum process parameters for cold spray coating of titanium alloy with silicon carbide (SiC). The continuity, momentum and the energy equations governing the flow through the low-pressure cold spray nozzle were solved by introducing a constitutive equation to close the system. This was used to calculate the critical velocity for the deposition of SiC. In order to determine the input temperature that yields the calculated velocity, the distribution of velocity, temperature, and pressure in the cold spray nozzle were analyzed, and the exit values were predicted using the meshing tool of Solidworks. Coatings fabricated using the optimized parameters and some non-optimized parameters are compared. The coating of the CFD-optimized parameters yielded lower porosity and higher hardness.