Abstract.A study of geometry nozzle is particularly important in optimizing the quantity of coolant in terms to minimize that quantity or coolant can be used for lubrication of machines moving parts. Coolants can be from the simplest (water, air) as well as a mixture of liquid (emulsions) to achieve a good cooling in function of temperature that develops in the area concerned. The study from this paper proposes an analysis and a simulation of flow through the convergent-divergent nozzle type to optimize them and to use a minimum quantity of coolant or lubricant. This study is focus on the analysis of cooling systems for cutting processes on machine tools.

<p>In this work it was performed a fluid flow study of cooling systems for metal cutting. The study of forces resulting from the impact of fluid jets and when fluids are diverted round through the nozzle involves the application of pressure forces. The forces are determined by calculating the change of momentum of the flowing fluids. It was performed a simulation of the flow through a nozzle commonly used for pressure cooling of the cutting zone.</p>

Through the cutting operations of the different metallic materials, large cutting forces are developed, they depend on the material to be processed and on the cutting parameters. During the cutting operation, due to the friction between the tool and the material to be processed, an important amount of heat is released. As the friction between the elements is higher, the heat generated by the attachment can disturb the cutting process. If the temperature from the cutting process is higher than a certain value, the resulting surfaces may have a number of processing defects. In order to reduce the temperature value of the cutting process, different cooling systems have been developed over time that use a wide range of cooling liquids. Cooling liquids have a number of advantages and disadvantages, after the cutting process they have to be discharged and their negative influence on the environment to be minimal. Recent studies have attempted to reduce this amount of coolant by streamlining fluid flows. Systems that use minimal amount of lubricant or coolant are MQL (Minimum Quantity Lubrication) type. These systems have special nozzles so as to obtain the best possible distribution of the coolant in the cutting area, as well as a good mixing if different cooling liquids are used. This paper aims to study the cooling systems for the cutting processes, forms of nozzles to send the fluid in the working area, thereby thermal analysis, from the desire to use an efficient MQL system.

<p>The heat can have a direct impact on the mechanical elements by creating deformations and by causing the induction of additional stress in them. In designing of the heat exchangers or for the electronic components, the temperature changes for structural analysis as well as structural performance of thermal impact for the entire element must be analyzed. The study from this paper proposes an analysis and a simulation of flow through the convergent-divergent nozzle type to optimize the inlet of warm fluid to have minimum impact on the nozzle walls This analysis will be performed with a computer program specialized in complex analysis of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), which will also take into account the fluid temperature and its influence throughout the system.</p>

<p>In this work it was performed a fluid flow study of lubricant and cooling systems in machining process. In machine tools industry is very important to reduce the costs when are using the lubricant and coolant fluids to increase the productivity. It was been performed a simulation of the fluid flow through a nozzle, that nozzle type is commonly used for pressure cooling of the machined area. In these types of nozzles can be made a mixture of two types of fluids, such as air and water, to increase machined productivity and decrease the quantity of lubricant used for cooling systems.</p>