Boarding is one of the major processes of airplane turnaround time, with a direct influence on the airline companies’ costs. From a sustainable point of view, a faster completion of the boarding process has impact not only on the airline company’s long-term performance, but also on customers’ satisfaction and on the airport’s possibility of offering more services without additional investments in new infrastructure. Considering the airplane boarding strategies literature, it can be observed that the latest papers are dealing with developing faster boarding strategies, most of them considering boarding using just one-door of the aircraft. Even though boarding on one-door might be feasible for the airports having the needed infrastructure and sufficient jet-bridges, the situation is different in European airports, as the use of apron buses is fairly common. Moreover, some of the airline companies have adapted their boarding pass in order to reflect which door one should board once they get down from the bus. While using these buses, the boarding strategies developed in the literature are hard to find their applicability. Thus, a new method for boarding on two-door airplanes when apron buses are used is proposed and tested against the actual boarding method. A model is created in NetLogo 6.0.4, taking advantages of the agent-based modeling and used for simulations. The results show a boarding time reduction of 8.91%.

In the context of an emergency, evacuating people from a location in the shortest possible time is essential, as is the high degree of safety that people should expect when evacuating. Lately, in Romania there have been more and more fire events generated by different causes. This article will use agent-based modeling to simulate an emergency evacuation model in NetLogo. The model has been used to perform and analyze various scenarios. With the help of NetLogo, we managed to perform 400 simulations with the evacuation of 180 people (students, teachers, and non-teaching staff) based on which we developed several recommendations to streamline the evacuation process in order to reduce the possibility of death. The present research will help to identify the evacuation times from a school, but it will also highlight certain aspects that may occur during the evacuation. The model that was used in this research took into account the individual particularities of the people taking part in the evacuation, emphasizing the effects that form in a crowd of people when evacuating; effects such as the funnel effect, which is caused by the formation of bottlenecks around narrow areas. All these things are part of the analysis of the measurement of entropy of the exhaust system, a problem that has captured all of the specialists’ attention. Finally, solutions have been proposed to improve evacuation time in case of disasters.

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The uncertainty of the environment, the complexity of economic systems, both at the national and global economy levels, and the digital age and artificial intelligence draw attention to the existence or appearance of systemic, disruptive phenomena that can appear and propagate in different forms, producing effects that can turn into economic crises. These phenomena can be transmitted like a domino effect, and they are referred to as the contagion effect in the scientific literature. In this research, one of the four forms of financial contagion, known as residual contagion, is studied on the mortgage loan market in Romania using agent-based modeling. By considering the economic crisis of 2007–2009, also supported by the mortgage crisis, in the present paper, we aim to study the Romanian mortgage market in 2022 through the use of machine learning techniques and agent-based modeling. The purpose of this research is to capture the potential systemic risks that can outline a residual financial contagion effect. The simulation results highlight the fact that the degree of connectivity between the commercial banks in Romania and the way in which they are interconnected have a major importance in the emergence and propagation of contagion effects. The proposed approach and the obtained results can offer more insight to policymakers on how the contagion effect takes place within the banking sector.

Renewable energy represents a crucial resource in the efforts to combat climate change and reduce dependence on fossil fuels. In the past few decades, Romania has lessened its environmental footprint and played an important role in actions against climate change. In this research, the energy sector in Romania is analyzed from a holistic perspective as a complex adaptive system by using econometric tools. The purpose of the research is to analyze the Romanian energy sector as a cybernetic system and to study the long-run and the short-run causal impact of greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) and renewable energy (RE) on real GDP per capita. The causality among GHG, foreign direct investment (FDI), RE, and real GDP is checked by means of the autoregressive distributed lag model (ARDL). The time series are extracted from Eurostat and OECD databases and cover the period 2000-2021. The results reveal that (i) the variables are cointegrated according to the ARDL bounds test; (ii) in the long run, GHG negatively impacts GDP, RE positively impacts GDP; (iii) in the short run, GHG and RE positively impact GDP; (iv) the speed of adjustment is around 32%. The study holds significance both for scholars and the policy makers from the governmental environment agencies that should decide how to effectively reduce GHG emissions, promote renewable energy adoption, and design policies to facilitate the transition to a low-carbon economy.