The objective of this study is related to the hypothetical assumption that there are biologically set predispositions as predictors of behavioural and personality disorders. The present work focused on identification of specific inherent predispositions as predictors of behavioural and personality deviations. The examined population of 901 subjects was provided with a battery of self-rating questionnaires: Temperament Evaluation of the Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego Autoquestionnaire (TEMPS-A) for assessment and diagnosis of the temperament, Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) for the assessment and diagnosis of relatively constant personality characteristics, International Personality Disorder Examination (IPDE-s) screening autoquestionnaire for the assessment and diagnosis of personality disorders and State Trait Anxiety Inventory À Form Y (STAI-Y) autoquestionnaire for the assessment and diagnosis of personality and situational anxiety. The results for the represented population showed statistically significant relationships, ranging from weak to strong positive correlation between the types of temperament in TEMPS-A and the personality disorders identified in screening IPDE, with the exception of the hyperthymic temperament scale in which very low non-significant negative relationships were observed. The analysis did not show significant correlations between personality disorders and the hyperthymic temperament type according to TEMPS-A. This temperament type showed weak statistically significant correlations with personality disorders from different clusters. Based on the high values of the linear correlation coefficients, some conclusions could be made on the causal correlation between the presence of a certain type of temperamental predispositions and the registered manifestations of possible personality disorders, namely, which personality disorder is most likely to occur in the prevalence of which temperament.

The aim of this study was to approbate the Bulgarian version of the international instrument for evaluation of temperamental traits, TEMPS-A (Temperament Evaluation of the Memphis, Pisa, Paris, and San Diego ÀAutoquestionnaire), and to prove the need to include it in the instruments for research and diagnosis of personality. The study included 901 subjects, 540 of whom are healthy volunteers. One month after the initial test, 118 subjects from the control group were retested with a set of clinical tools to check the reliability of the instrument (temporal stability). The TEMPS-A scales showed high testÀretest reliability and high internal consistency. The number of scales was verified and the construct validity of the Bulgarian version of TEMPS-A was confirmed. The results outline the limit for predictive scores on the axis normalÀpathological values. The observed correlations did not prove a causal link between the measured variables but verified a statistically significant correlation between the TEMPS-A and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire results, which proved that the two instruments measure the same basic personality characteristics, namely the temperamental construct. The analysis verified the successful standardization and approbation of the Bulgarian version of TEMPS-A for Bulgaria. The comparative analysis of a group of 74 persons serving custodial sentence on the territory of Bulgaria and a control group (N D 74) showed statistically significant differences between the mean scores in the two groups on all TEMPS-A scales, except for hyperthymic temperament, suggesting that delinquent behaviour is connected with an individual's temperamental characteristics.

Introduction: Parkinson's disease is a general invalidating neurodegenerative disease. The impaired non-motor functions are well recognized as part of the clinical course of the disease with great impact over the quality of life of the patients. On the other hand, they are highly unrecognized by clinicians and pose great difficulty in detection and measurement. The UPDRS is widely used to assess and follow up PD patients and Part I is used to assess non motor functions such as mentation, behavior and mood disorders. Therefore, we used it in our study for the assessment of the prevalence of the non-motor symptoms measured by UPDRS Part I in PD patients. Objective: To show that there's high prevalence of mentation, behavior and mood disorders as measured by UPDRS Part I in PD patients. Methods: 293 patients with Parkinson's disease (129 men and 164 women) aged 58-79, randomly picked for an 8-year period (2005-2012) were studied. The study used the following assessment tools: І. Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale; Modified Hoehn and Yahr scale for assessment of clinical symptoms; Schwab and England Activities of Daily Living Scale. Statistical methods for processing the data received – SPSS statistics software with analysis of variances and alternates was used. Results: The mentation, behavior and mood functions were studied in 293 patients diagnosed with Parkinson's disease. Lack of motivation/initiative was most frequently observed – in 245 patients (83.6%), followed by depression – in 200 patients (68.2%)and memory disorders – in 199 patients (67.9%). Thought disorder was the least frequent (26.9%). As a result of these disorders all patients had a considerably reduced quality of life mainly due to the development of significant cognitive impairment. Conclusion: This results confirm the observation that mentation, behavior and mood dysfunctions are a highly prevalent and important feature of PD. Therefore, treating physicians should look for them routinely. The UPDRS showed that it is sensitive and reliable tool for detecting such symptomatology.