It was previously revealed [Yamaguchi, H. and Uchida, M. (1996) J. Biochem. 120, 474-477] that both intra- and extramolecular high-mannose type Asn-glycans promote the renaturation of reductively denatured bovine pancreatic RNases A and B under oxidation conditions. To characterize the conformational changes of the polypeptides during the renaturation promoted by the intramolecular Asn-glycans, RNase B was compared with its nonglycosylated form, RNase A, as to the features of the regeneration from their reductively denatured species under Cu2+-catalyzed oxidation conditions. The refolding intermediates of RNase B, as compared with those of RNase A, seemed to contain much less impaired disulfide linkages. In agreement with this finding, the proper refolding of RNase B was much faster than that of RNase A, as revealed by the intrinsic fluorescence and 1-anilino-8-naphthalenesulfonate binding of the refolding intermediates. Such a promoting effect was also observed for extramolecular Asn-glycans of the complex as well as of the high-mannose type. In contrast, common mono-, oligo-, and polysaccharides, but not yeast mannan, exhibited much lower stimulatory effects on the oxidative refolding of RNase A.

We developed a multi-cusp ion source for Nissin ion doping system iG5 which is used in low temperature poly-crystalline silicon processes for flat panel display (FPD) manufacturing. In this ion source, BF3 or PH3 diluted H2 plasmas are produced and large area ribbon ion beams are extracted. In general, ion ratio of B(+) in BF3 plasma is much smaller than BF2 (+) in multi-cusp ion sources. We developed a new method to increase B(+) ratio and obtained mass analyzed B(+) target current of 130 mA. We employed newly improved multi-slot type electrodes for the beam extraction system and obtained stable beams with the uniformity of below 3%. In BF3 plasmas, several undesirable metal fluorides are produced in the plasma chamber and deposited on the electrode system, which cause glitches and poor beam uniformity. We introduce several cleaning methods.

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