For a better knowledge of how viruses enter cells, the associations that are created between the viral glycoproteins and associated human receptors must be studied. The spike glycoprotein (S-glycoprotein) of the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 mediates entrance into host cells, and the cellular receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE-2) has been discovered.The goal of our research was to evaluate the physiological interactions between the SARSCoV-2 and the human cell receptor ACE-2.Modifications were discovered in the S1 monomer of the receptor-binding domain of spikes using an in silico analysis. The observed modifications have a considerable impact on the interlinkage between the SARS-CoV-2 spike and ACE-2.  According to the research outcome, the SARS-Cov-2 spikes proteinhas a strong attraction for the human ACE-2 receptor than the Bat-CoV spikes does. Further, the presence of two loops throughout the SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain (RBD) may facilitate binding to the ACE-2 (receptor)throughenhancing the quantity of atoms implicated. The reason SARS-CoV-2 binds to substrates with higher binding energies than SARS-CoV may be due to longer capping loops and changed amino acids.

Background: A severe acute respiratory virus that started lethal lung infections in Wuhan, China in Dec 2019 swiftly evolved into an epidemic in March 2020. Millions of fatalities have been attributed to COVID-19 globally, and people who survived the acute type often experience major mortality. Objective: The purpose of this research was to describe a number of patients who had experienced pulmonary problems following COVID-19. Methods: From December 2021 to June 2022, a retrospective research was done in Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar. Patients with a record of a COVID-19 diagnosis verified by nasopharyngeal RT-PCR and who had been hospitalized to or visited an outpatient department were included. Results: This research included a total of 50 COVID-19 infected individuals. patients most frequently reported shortness of breath (n=29; 58%), fever (n=7; 14%), cough (n=5; 10%), and hemoptysis (n=9; 18%). Major surgical treatments were carried out on them, including bullectomies, lobectomies, and decortications and the most successful treatment for empyema is open decortication. Thirteen patients (26%) were admitted to the ICU after operations, nine cases (18%) acquired mucormycosis, and two deaths were reported.