Departing from Indonesia’s unique and complex multilingual environment, our study sought to investigate the role of the social background of multilingual parents in implementing home language use. Specifically, we ask whether home language practice is shaped by parents’ education level, ethnicity, and occupation, particularly in parent-child interaction. Our analysis draws from an online survey of 1.344 multilingual parents from different parts of Indonesia, with the survey being mainly distributed to over 28 provinces, including NAD, North Sumatra (North & West), Lampung, Bangka Belitung, Jambi, Bengkulu, Jakarta, West Java, Central, and East Java, Yogyakarta, Maluku, Kalimantan (North, South, West, East, and Central), Riau, Sulawesi (North, South, and Southeast), Bali, Nusa Tenggara (West and East), West Papua, and Papua. A single paragraph of 200 words maximum. Our findings indicate that education, ethnicity, and occupation significantly shape parents’ decisions to manage home language practice with their children. Keywords: social background, multilingual parents, home language practices

Focusing on the complex multilingual setting of Indonesia, the present study investigates the representation of Spolsky's (2004) three aspects of language: ideology, management, and practice. Specifically, we look thoroughly at parental language ideology and attitude and how they are reflected in actual language practice and planning, focusing on English as a foreign language. Our analysis draws from a large-scale online survey of 1,344 multilingual parents from different parts of Indonesia, with the survey being distributed to over 28 provinces, including NAD,

This paper focuses on the implementation of linguistics theory, particularly in multimodality, to understand various forms of reading materials such as digital books and comics. This paper aimed to gain insights into how practitioners such as school teachers optimise the use of digital books and comics in English teaching and learning activities using well-informed theories. In addition, this study also described the perspectives of creative industry practitioners to contribute to the practice by giving insights into the production of digital books and comics. This research collected data from three sessions of workshop series where discussion results between the stakeholders, namely academicians, researchers, and teachers, were documented in field notes. The findings of this research imply that the multimodal theories and implementation were useful in understanding the use of digital books and comics. The workshop series was particularly effective, as can be seen through how the participants were enthusiastic about participating in this activity. Furthermore, all the participants can understand how theoretical knowledge is needed to support and develop their knowledge on optimally using reading materials in the form of digital books and comics. Keywords: multimodal texts, digital books, comics, reading materials.

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The objectives of this study are to investigate the way the bilingual families decide their own language policy through the components of language policy, the way the parents apply language policy to succeed their children words production, and to find out the factors why the parents apply the language policy the way they are. This research applied qualitative approach by phenomenology term through observation, questionnaire and in–depth interview. The research findings showed that bilingual families use the components of language policy namely language ideology, language practice and language management. Mostly parents considered language ideology and language management. Otherwise, language practice were not applied by them completely, it can be seen through language that their children use will be different with what the parents have expected. Language policy is applied in family by practicing the language directly. There are some influences that make the parents practice the language directly, namely: influences of outside home and there is no balance guidance of practicing language between mother and father. Factors that support parents in conducting language policy are intermarriage, maintaining the language particularly tribal language, the position of language using in formal context such as school and the position of language which is used in their environment.   Keywords: Bilingual families; Language policy; and Word Production.