The present work had the objective of evaluating the thermal comfort by means of the Temperature and Humidity Index (ITU) inside a model of small scale poultry houses using different hedging strategies. The experiment was carried out at the Federal University of Santa Maria Cachoeira do Sul. The coverings used were: fiber cement (control), fiber cement + white paint + thermal blanket, fiber cement + white paint. The temperature and relative air humidity reading were performed inside each model and in the external area, with DTH 22 sensors controlled by Arduino, divided in four periods of summer 2017/2018. Compared to the external environment, the different coverages promoted a mean reduction of ITU from 84 to 76. Significant statistical differences between the different coverage were observed, in which the average ITU of the period of 77.31 observed in the control was reduced to 74.90 on the covers with white paint. Based on the conditions under which the study was conducted, it is recommended to cover asbestos cement + white paint to improve thermal comfort inside poultry houses.
Unstable environmental factors contribute to the incidence of diseases and pests, causing reduced yield and grain contamination, especially the attack by Giberela (Fusarium graminerum). In this scenario, appropriate management techniques are needed. Strategies such as choosing the suitability of the spray tip for chemical control are indispensable. The aim of this study was to use four spray tips: CVI 11002, ADI ISO 11002, TVI ISO 8002 and ATR 8002. The experiment was conducted in the experimental area of The State University of Rio Grande do Sul, in the district of Três Vendas, in Cachoeira do Sul-RS. The cultivar used was TBIO SELETO. The fungicide used was Nativo®. A completely randomized experimental design with 4 replicates and a control plot was adopted. The following parameters were evaluated: weight of one thousand grains (PMG, %), hectoliter weight (PH; kg hL-1) and yield (PRD; kg ha-1). The variance was tested by applying the Snedcor F test (p<0.05) and the means were compared by the Tukey's test (p<0.05). The weight of one thousand grains, hectoliter weight and yield were not influenced by the use of different spray tips adopted in the wheat phytosanitary control.
RESUMO:O presente estudo teve como objetivo de estabelecer o zoneamento bioclimático para vacas leiteiras no estado do RS a partir do Índice de Temperatura e Umidade (ITU) e realizar a espacialização do déficit da produção de leite das vacas da raça Holandesa com nível de produção de 20, 25 e 30 kg dia -1 . O estudo foi realizado para 27 municípios do estado para os quais foi calculado o ITU a partir de dados de temperatura média compensada (TMC) e umidade relativa compensada (URC), referentes a última normal climatológica (1961 e 1990) disponível no site do INMET. Nos meses em que o ITU foi superior ao de conforto térmico foi calculado a déficit de produção de leite. Uma vez detectada a dependência espacial, produziu-se o mapa temático da distribuição espacial da variável por meio de krigagem ordinária. O modelo esférico foi o que melhor ajustou à semivariância experimental observada para o ITU, que apresentou dependência espacial com correlação significativa negativa entre os valores de altitude. O ITU foi superior a 70, considerado condição de alerta, em 18 municípios dos 27 avaliados, nos meses de dezembro, janeiro e fevereiro, chegando ao valor máximo de 75,4, na faixa de municípios situados na região sudoeste, com altitude de até 100 m. O déficit de produção de leite de vacas Holandesas, para um nível de produção de 20 a 30 kg dia -1 , em função de condições climáticas foi de até 4,20 kg dia -1 para o estado do RS. PALAVRAS-CHAVE:conforto térmico; índices de conforto térmico, geoestatística. BIOCLIMATIC ZONING FOR DAIRY COWS IN THE STATE OF RIO GRANDE DO SULABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to establish the bioclimatic zoning for dairy cows in the state of RS analyzing the temperature and humidity index (THI) and to perform the spatialization of milk production deficit of Holstein cows of 20, 25 and 30 kg day -1 . The study was performed in 27 state municipalities for those UTI was calculated from the data of compensated mean temperature (TMC) and compensated relative humidity (URC), referring to the last climatological normal data (1961 and 1990) available on INMET website. Once the spatial dependence was detected, a thematic map of the spatial distribution was generated using ordinary kriging. The spherical model was the best fit for the experimental semivariance observed for THI, which showed spatial dependence with significant negative correlation between altitude values. The THI was above 70, considered an alert condition, in 18 municipalities of the 27 evaluated, in the months of december, january and february, reaching a maximum value of 75.4, in the range of municipalities located in the southwest region, with altitude up to 100 m. The milk production deficit of Holstein cows, for a production yield of 20 to 30 kg day -1 , regarding the climatic conditions, was up to 4.20 kg day -1 for the RS state.
Soy is socio-economically important to the county of Cachoeira do Sul. The present work meant to evaluate the components of the yield and the yield of grains of different soy’s cultivars sprinkler irrigated at the city. A field's experiment with seeding was made in 19/11/17. The treatments were constituted of 3 cultivars: BMX GARRA; NS 4823; NS 5445; in 12 repetitions, in the entirely casualized trial design. Morphological evaluations were performed on the plants (leaf area index - LAI and height). The yield’s components were analyzed: number of string bean plants-1; number of string bean grains-1; weight of a thousand grains and yield of the grains (kg ha-1). Supplementary irrigation was necessary to maintain the soil water availability to the crop, due to the low rainfall during the cycle (354 mm), which was lower than the crop evapotranspiration (467 mm). Statistical differences between the cultivars were perceived, highlighting the BMX GARRA cultivar, that presented LAI and higher plants’ height in comparison to the other cultivars. These results impacted that the BMX GARRA cultivar presented a higher number of string bean plants-1 (68.58), a higher weight of a thousand grains (216.02g) and a higher yield of the grains (4,536.42 kg ha-1).
RESUMO:A canola apresenta-se como potencial cultura para exploração agrícola no Brasil, podendo ser inserida em sistema de rotação de culturas, contudo, a identificação de épocas de semeadura e do potencial produtivo dos genótipos disponíveis no mercado se faz necessário. Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o desempenho de genótipos de canola semeados em diferentes épocas no município de Cachoeira do Sul-RS. O trabalho foi conduzido na Fazenda Experimental da UERGS, no município de Cachoeira do Sul-RS. O delineamento experimental adotado foi o de bloco casualizados, em esquema fatorial 5x6, com três repetições. Os fatores foram compostos por cinco diferentes genótipos de canola (Hyola433, Hyola575, Hyola571, Hyola61, Hyola50) e seis épocas de semeadura (21/04; 06/05; 20/05; 10/06; 24/06 e 08/07). Foi estimada a massa de mil grãos (MMG) e a produtividade de cada genótipo para as datas de semeadura estudadas. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância, ocorrendo interação significativa, procederam-se os desdobramentos necessários. As médias foram comparadas pelo teste Scott-Knott (p<0,05). Empregou-se análise de regressão linear para avaliar o efeito do atraso na época de semeadura sobre a produtividade da canola. A massa de mil grãos foi influenciada pela época de semeadura, genótipo e pela interação entre estes fatores. A maior massa de mil grãos (3,51 g), considerando a média obtida para todos os genótipos, foi observada para semeadura realizada em 21/04. O genótipo Hyola61 apresentou maior massa de mil grãos (3,47 g), considerando a média obtida para todas as datas de semeadura. A produtividade da cultura da canola foi influenciada pela época de semeadura, genótipo e pela interação entre estes fatores. A semeadura da canola, realizada após 20/05, reduziu a produtividade da cultura, independente do genótipo cultivado. Palavras-chave:Brassica napus L. var. oleífera. Época de semeadura. Genótipos. Peso de mil grãos. Produtividade.
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