BACKGROUND. Otosclerosis is a primary disease of the human otic capsule and stapes stage, being a frequent cause of conductive hearing loss in our country. The surgical treatment of choice is stapes surgery and prosthesis placement, performed in a conventional way, with a surgical microscope, for 30 years in our hospital. Recently, the option of performing stapes surgery endoscopically was introduced in our centre. OBJECTIVE. To evaluate the results in stapes surgery for otosclerosis between the conventional microscopic versus endoscopic procedure. MATERIAL AND METHODS. An observational, analytical and retrospective study on patients undergoing stapes surgery with microscopic and endoscopic technique was conducted. Data such as age, sex, state of origin, affected ear, as well as the technique used, duration of surgical intervention, hearing gain and postsurgical complications were taken. Data were taken from the records of patients admitted to the hospital. Descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney U and Pearson’s Ji2, were used, considering a value of p≤ 0.05 as significant. RESULTS. No significant differences were found in surgical time or postoperative hearing between the two surgical techniques. The female sex was the most intervened. There was no significant difference between the post-surgical complications of both groups. CONCLUSION. Both procedures appear to be effective, with similar risks and postoperative results for the surgical treatment of otosclerosis.

BACKGROUND. Laryngotracheal stenosis is a process of fibrosis, determined by various etiologies, congenital or acquired, such as traumatic, infectious, autoimmune diseases, that results in airway obstruction. Clinical manifestations may vary from speech alteration to severe breathing impairment, possibly leading to death. OBJECTIVE. To describe the evolution after surgical treatment of patients diagnosed with laryngotracheal stenosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS. We performed an observational, descriptive, retrospective cross-sectional study of a series of cases with a diagnosis of laryngotracheal stenosis surgically managed from January 2015 to January 2020. The results of the statistical analysis are represented by graphs and tables. RESULTS. We included 33 patients with mean age 42.6 years, predominantly male gender 19 (57.58%). The patients presented one or more comorbidities, such as overweight and obesity, which occurred in 54.5% of the cases. The etiology of stenosis was secondary to orotracheal intubation in most of the patients (69.69%) and the most common site was the trachea (42.42%). According to the Cotton-Myer classification, 51.5% of the patients were classified in grade III and, according to McCaffrey classification, 60.6% were included in grade II and III. 28 patients (84.8%) received surgery for stenosis, of which in 64.2% of the cases was endo-laryngeal dilatation. Re-stenosis occurred in 67.5%, successful decannulation was performed in 17.8% and mortality accounted for 7.1%. CONCLUSION. Although our surgical results pose multiple elements of improvement, the proportion of residual stenosis is still high and mortality is not different from that described by other authors around the world referring to airway surgery.