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The efficiency of marine energy systems gain more and more importance considering economic and environmental effects. Additional power is produced by annexation of a supercritical CO2 Rankine cycle (sCO2-RC) via utilization of the exhaust of a marine engine. A parametric study on sCO2-RC is carried out to optimize objective functions such as ECOP, maximum net power output with respect to the outlet temperature of the exhaust stack, and the maximum pressure of the cycle. Then, energy and exergy analyses are applied to the system. Results show that the sCO2-RC system improves thermal efficiency by 8.17% and provides a 7.54% better fuel economy, while exergy efficiency of the sCO2-RC is 51.3% with a net power output of 321.7 kW and ECOP of 1.09. Hence, the results lead to the optimization order of the investigated system components for the improvement in overall efficiency, and the reduction of fuel consumption and environmental effects.