Objective: The role of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of intra tympanic administration of Gentamicin(40 mgs/ml) and Dexamethasone 0.5 ml(4 mgs/ml) on hearing and tinnitus of patients who had recurrent acute attacks of vertigo, tinnitus and hearing loss. Study Design: 60 consecutive patients of Meniere's disease were randomly divided into 3 groups of twenty patients each. Group A included 20 patients who received intra tympanic gentamicin, Group B included 20 patients who received intra tympanic dexamethasone and Group C included 20 patients who received intra tympanic normal saline 0.5 ml. The mean pure tone thresholds at speech frequencies were noted before treatment and 2 weeks, 3 months and 6 months after treatment. Tinnitus was surveyed with a set questionnaire (Tinnitus Handicap Inventory). Results: The mean PTA at speech frequencies for Group A worsened from 50 dB to 62 dB which was statistically significant. Two ears developed profound sensorineural hearing loss. The mean tinnitus handicap inventory grade of group A was 4. Mean was 2 at the end of 6 months which indicates significant reduction of the tinnitus score. Group B patients had a mean PTA at speech frequencies of 42 dB. There was no gain in 12 patients and less than 10 dB in the remaining eight patients and no worsening of hearing was seen. The mean tinnitus handicap inventory grade in Group B was 2.5 and was 2 at 6 months after treatment. Group C patients had a mean PTA of 48 dB before treatment and were same after treatment however the tinnitus handicap grade was 2.5 before the treatment and 2.0 after treatment. Conclusion: Intra tympanic gentamicin is more effective in controlling tinnitus as compared to dexamethasone and placebo and there was no marked difference in control of tinnitus between placebo and steroids. There is significant hearing loss with IT Gentamicin and no marked difference between steroid and placebo on hearing.

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Aim: To compare the precision,efficacy and complication of nasal endoscopic assisted management of epistaxis with headlight assisted nasal packing.Materials and Methods: Two groups of twenty patients each were placed randomly in Group A and Group B. Patients in Group A were managed with headlight assisted nasal packing and Group B patients were managed with nasal endoscopic assisted control of epistaxis.Results: Exact site of bleeding was located in 90% patients of Group B. All patients in Group A complained of dry mouth(100%), halitosis in 6 (30%) patients, 12 (60%) patients had headache and discomfort,7(35%) patients had epiphora. There was no complication in Group B.Conclusions: Epistaxis is a common ENT emergency and routine blind hasty nasal packs should be avoided. Nasal endoscopes should be routinely used to identify site of bleeding and cauterisation of the targeted area should be done gently with least collateral damage to healthy mucosa. Good and easy control with less complications and no admissions are all possible with the wonder tool called “ nasal endoscope”.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 03 No. 03 July’19. Page: 158-161

Introduction: Snoring is ''to breathe during sleep with harsh, snorting noises caused by vibration of the soft palate''. Naturally occurring or drug-induced sleep is a requirement for its appearance. Snoring is the audible sign of increased upper airway resistance. It is known to be an important clinical hallmark of OSA (Nakano et al., 2003) and, as such, may be a useful and an easily accessible marker to screen for obstructive SDB.Materials and methods: This study was conducted in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Government Medical College, Srinagar and includes 37 patients who presented in our OPD themselves with complaints of snoring or are referred from some other speciality or institution. After thorough history taking and examination all patients were evaluated with Muller's maneuver, overnight polysomnography and intensity of snoring sound were measured with the help of sound level meter. All patients with Muller's maneuver documented soft palatal obstruction and PSG documented snoring were distributed into two treatment groups 17 patients in the Z palatoplasty group and 20 patients in the UP3 group depending on the grade of tonsillar hypertrophy.Results: This study showed that there was a statistically significant (P < 0.05) improvement in the percentage of snoring and intensity of snoring after 3 weeks, 3 months and 6 months of treatment in both Z palatoplasty and UP3 groups of patients.Conclusion: This study showed that Z palatoplasty and UP3 are best treatment options for patients with palatal snoring without tonsillar hypertrophy and with tonsillar hypertrophy respectively.

Introduction: Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) also known as extra esophageal reflux disease refers to retrograde flow of gastric contents to the upper aero-digestive tract. Belafsky, Postma, and Koufman have developed the reflux finding score (RFS) to diagnose LPR. My aim was to test the score in patients with LPR to reveal the validity and effectiveness of present medical management based on changes in RFS.Materials and Methods: One hundred patients with LPR were examined prospectively in District Hospital Pulwamawith 70 degree Hopkins endoscope and RFS was evaluated both before start and completion of a set medical management with lifestyle modifications. 76.7% patients reported symptomatic improvement after one month of treatment. There was no significant quantitative decrease in RFS after one month of treatment.Conclusion: Based on this study RFS is a reliable and quantitative system to evaluate and follow up patients at the time of diagnosis and subsequent evaluation after therapy.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 03 No. 02 April’19. Page: 105-108