We observed two capuchin monkeys (Cebus capucinus) feeding on hermit crabs (Coenobita compressus) on the coast, and the tactics they used to extract this well-protected prey. The observations took place during the dry season at Playa Escondida beach, Puntarenas, Costa Rica. The capuchins descended from trees at the back edge of the beach to capture passing hermit crabs. Both capuchins extracted the hermit crabs from their protective shells by holding the shell with one hand and pulling the crab out with the other. Even though this was accomplished within seconds, the extraction of hermit crabs from their shells did not appear to be a straightforward task. Once the capuchins succeeded in pulling the crabs out of their shells, they consumed the soft abdomen and discarded the rest of the crab's body. To our knowledge, the consumption of hermit crabs has not been previously reported for any capuchin monkey (Cebus or Sapajus). Our observations provide a new example of extractive foraging by capuchins, and thus an additional natural context for which fine motor skills (which are highly developed in capuchins) are necessary.
Abstract. Porras-Murillo LP, Wong G, Chacón IS. 2022. Human-wildlife interactions in a major tourist destination: Manuel Antonio National Park, Costa Rica. Biodiversitas 23: 2417-2425. This study characterized the interactions between tourists and wildlife in terms of the most common interactions and the species that interact the most. Interactions were observed during 65 sampling days between 2012 and 2020. In each event, the following data were recorded: date, time (hour), site, type of interaction, and species that participated. To characterize the interactions, the effects of the day of the week, the season, the daily period, and the site on the number of daily interactions were evaluated. Also, to understand the more frequent interactions, the effect of species and type of interaction on ??the number of daily interactions were evaluated. The results indicated more interactions in the dry season, between 10 am and 2 pm, at Manuel Antonio Beach, Costa Rica. Although interactions were recorded for 39 species, white-faced monkey and raccoon were the species with the most interactions. Raccoons had more interactions related to food than the tourists called or approached them; white-faced monkeys had a similar number of interactions in these categories. Interactions between tourists and wildlife in the Manuel Antonio National Park (PNMA), Costa Rica, coincide with the times and places in the park with the highest concentration of tourists. Therefore, there is evidence of the need to promote tourism with appropriate behavior of observation and respectful appreciation of wildlife, and the use of more sectors of the park is essential to avoid damage to fauna.
Introducción: En la práctica de la conservación biológica, a menudo se necesita de información científica para guiar las decisiones de manejo, pero esta información es especialmente escasa en áreas marinas protegidas. Las áreas marinas protegidas enfrentan el desafío de proteger especies pelágicas que se desplazan entre zonas protegidas de distintos países y zonas de pesca. En general, un obstáculo para generar la información que requieren las áreas protegidas es que comúnmente existe una disociación entre el sector académico y el sector de gestión, los cuales difieren en sus objetivos, forma de trabajo, y sistemas de recompensa. Esta situación se ve agravada en áreas marinas protegidas que se encuentran lejos de la costa, ya que los costos económicos y logísticos para realizar investigación son muy elevados. Objetivos: Utilizar el contexto del Parque Nacional Isla del Coco para ilustrar dificultades al momento de definir y recopilar la información necesaria para la gestión, y proponer posibles soluciones a este problema. Resultados: Para producir la información relevante, creemos que es necesario tomar en cuenta los siguientes aspectos: i) distinguir entre información biológica e información requerida para la gestión, ii) generar información sobre las amenazas a las especies, aún en ausencia de datos sobre las especies, iii) direccionar los planes de monitoreo, y iv) establecer una coordinación entre dos grupos de personas: las que frecuentan el área y las que están lejos del área en centros académicos. Además, debido a la naturaleza de la información que se requiere, y a la remotidad del sitio, se necesita de una articulación entre sectores (incluido el sector pesquero) para generar los datos. Conclusión: Parece indispensable lograr esta articulación entre sectores, lo cual conlleva grandes retos. Aún así, esta opción parece ser más viable desde el punto de vista logístico y económico que el intentar generar esta información desde una plataforma exclusivamente académica. Además, dicha articulación parece ser la única forma de generar información que es requerida para regular el manejo pesquero; por ejemplo la caracterización adecuada del esfuerzo de captura y de la biomasa extraída.
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